Bigadiç (Balıkesir) Bentonit Yataklarının Mineralojisi ve Jeokimyası ve Bentonitleşme Sırasındaki Ana, Eser ve Nadir Toprak Elementlerinin Mobilizasyonu

Bigadiç volkano-sedimanter havzasında erken Miyosen’de etkili olan asidik volkanizma ürünleri (dasit, riyodasit, riyolit lavları ve bunların piroklastikleri) ile ilişkili birçok bentonit yatağı bulunur. İnceleme bölgesinde camsal-kristal tüflerin yerinde alterasyonu ile meydana gelen bentonit yataklarının mineralojikkimyasal özellikleri belirlenerek; bentonitleşme sırasında ana, eser ve nadir toprak elementlerinin (REE) davranışı incelenmiştir. XRD incelemelerine göre bentonit yataklarında ana kil minerali Camontmorillonit’tir. Plajiyoklas, sanidin, biyotit, kalsit, Ca-dolomit, kuvars, kristobalit, opal-CT, illit, kaolinit ve alünit ise yaygın safsızlıkları oluşturur. Bentonitlerin tüm kayaç kimyasal analizleri, ana kayaç ile karşılaştırıldığında bentonitleşme sırasında bentonitlerde MgO, CaO, H2O, TiO, Fe2O3 ve Al2O3kazançları, buna karşılık Na2O, KO ve SiO2 kayıpları olmuştur. Benzer olarak bentonitleşme sırasında Rb, Cs, U, Y kayıpları ve Zn, Sr, Zr kazançları belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan; bentonitleşme ile Ağır Nadir Toprak Elementleri (HREE) izafi olarak fakirleşirken Hafif Nadir Toprak Elementleri (LREE) bentonitte zenginleşmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bigadiç (Balıkesir), Bentonitleşme, Element mobilizasyonu

The Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Bigadiç (Balıkesir) Bentonite Deposits and the Mobility of Major, Trace end Rare Earth Elements During Bentonitization

Acidic volcanism, which is dacite, rhyodacite and rhyolite in composition and their pyroclastics became very active during early Miocene in the Bigadiç volcano-sedimentary succession. Numerous bentonite deposits, associated with these volcanic rocks are found in the Bigadiç area. In the studied area, mineralogical and chemical features of the Bigadiç bentonite deposits, which were derived in-situ alteration of glassy-crystal tuffs, have been determined. In addition, behaviour of major, trace and, rare earth elements (REE) were examined during bentonitization. XRD studies showed that Camontmorillonite is the main clay mineral in these deposits. Plagioclase, sanidine, biotite, calcite, Ca dolomite, quartz, cristobalite, opal-CT, illite, kaolinite and alünite are the common impurities. Wholerock chemical analyses of samples of bentonites; represent a net gain MgO, CaO, H2O, TiO2, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 an a net loss of Na2O, K2O and SiO2 during bentonitization. Similarly, lossing of Rb, Cs, U, Y and gaining of Zn, Sr, Zr have been determined. On the other hand, high rare earth elements (HREE) are relative depleted during bentonitization and light rare earth elements (LREE) are enriched in bentonites

Keywords:

Bigadiç (Balıkesir), Bentonitization, Element mobilization,

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