Rahajeng Siti Nur Ratnawati, Ika Nur Saputri, Retti Ratnawati, Setyawati Soeharto, I Wayan Arsana Wiyasa

Sigara Dumanına Maruz Kalan Sıçanlarda Tokoferalinin Oksidatif Stres ve Over Fonksiyonlarına Etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sigara dumanına maruz kalan sıçanlarda -tokoferolün overlerin oksidatif stresi, over foliküllerinin değişiklikleri ile östradiol düzeyleri ve endometriyum kalınlığı üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve Metod: Kırk dişi sıçan beş gruba ayrıldı. Bu beş grup içerisine kontrol grubu ve sigara dumanına maruz bırakılan gruplar; 100, 200 ve 400 mg/kg dozlarında -tokoferol takviyesi yapılan, dahil edildi. Sigara dumanı için duman pompalama ekipmanı Brawijaya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Farmakoloji Laboratuvarında tasarlandı ve üniversitemiz kullanımına sunuldu. Kolometrik olarak MDA seviyesi analizi yapıldı. Over folikülü sayısının analizi ve endometriyum kalınlığı hematoksilen eozin boyama ile histopatolojik olarak yapıldı. ELİSA tekniğiyle östradiol seviyesinin analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: Kontroller ile (0.121 ± 0.026) (p> 0.05), sigara dumanına maruz kalan sıçanların over MDA düzeyleri (0.388 ± 0.085) karşılaştırıldı. Sigara dumanına maruz kalan sıçanların over MDA düzeylerinin önemli ölçüde arttığı gözlendi. Çeşitli dozlarda -tokoferol verilen gruplar sigara dumanına (P 0.05) gözlemlenen rakamlara ulaşılmasını sağladı. İlk doz -tokoferol uygulanan gruptaki (3.8 ± 1.095) birincil folikül sayısı, kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldı (3.8 ± 1.095) (P> 0.05). Tokoferol grubunda İlk doz (5,2 ± 1,304) ve ikinci doz (5.4 ± 0.548) sekonder folikül sayıları kontrol grubuna (3.6 ± 0.548) (p 0.05) seviyesine ulaştığı gözlendi. Sigara dumanına maruz bırakılan ve bırakılmayan gruplar (600,265 ± 76,563) (p 0.05) seviyelerine ulaştı. Sonuç: Yukarıda belirtilen bu sonuçlara göre, -tokoferol nedeniyle azalmış MDA düzeyleri, primer ve sekonder folikül artışlarının yanı sıra sigara dumanına maruz kalmayla östradiol hormon, oksidatif hasarı ve overlerin fonksiyon kaybını önleyebilir sonucuna varıldı. Aynı zamanda endometriyum kalınlığıda artış gösterdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Oksidatif stres, overler, endometriyum, östrojen, antioksidan

The Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol on Oxidative Stress and Ovarian Function in Rats Exposed to Tobacco Smokes

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the role of - tocopherol in inhibiting ovarian oxidative stress, changes in ovarian follicles, estradiol levels, and the thickness of the endometrium in rats exposed to tobacco smoke. Material and Methods: Forty female rats were divided into five groups consisting of a control group; group exposed to tobacco smoke; groups exposed to tobacco smokes receiving  - tocopherol supplementation at doses of 100; 200, and 400 mg/kg. Exposure to tobacco smoke was induced using smoke pumping equipment which was designed and made available in the Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University. Analysis of MDA level was done colorimetrically. Analysis of the number of ovarian follicles and endometrial thickness was done histopathologically with hematoxylin eosin staining. Analysis of estradiol level was done by ELISA technique. Results: Exposure to tobacco smoke in rats can increase ovarian MDA level (0.388 ± 0.085) significantly compared to the control (0.121 ± 0.026) (P> 0.05). -tocopherol in various doses can reduce MDA level significantly compared to the group exposed to tobacco smoke (P 0.05). The number of primary follicles in the -tocopherol group of the first dose (3.8 ± 1.095) was comparable to the control group (3.8 ± 1.095) (P> 0.05). The numbers of secondary follicles in the -tocopherol group of the first dose (5.2 ± 1.304) and of the second dose (5.4 ± 0.548) were significantly higher than the control group (3.6 ± 0.548) (P < 0.05). Tobacco smoke lowered estradiol level (10.815 ± 2.374) significantly compared with no exposure (21.354 ± 4.215) (P < 0.05). Administration of -tocopherol in different doses increased estradiol level, reaching the level in the control group (P > 0.05). Tobacco smoke lowered thickness of endometrium (209.491 ± 38.635) significantly compared with no exposure (600.265 ± 76.563) (P < 0.05). The -tocopherol of the first dose (604. 569 ± 33.621) and of the second dose (609.459 ± 37.105) increase estradiol levels, reaching the level in the control group (600.265 ± 76.563) (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the results describe above, it was concluded that -tocopherol could prevent oxidative damage and loss of ovarian function due to exposure to tobacco smoke characterized by decreased levels of MDA, increases in primary and secondary follicles, as well as the hormone estradiol. Furthermore, it also increased the thickness of endometrium.

Keywords:

oxidative stress; ovaries; endometrium; estrogen; antioxidant,

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Yazışma Adresi / Address for Correspondence: Dr. Rahajeng Siti Nur Rahmawati Midwifery Master Study Prgramme, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, INDONESIA email: rahajengsnr81@gmail.com geliş tarihi/received :10.12.2013 kabul tarihi/accepted:15.01.2014