COVID-19 hastalarında serum adropin düzeylerinin dolaşımdaki endotel disfonksiyon biyobelirteçleri üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Çalışmalar, şiddetli COVID-19 enfeksiyonu semptomlarının endotel disfonksiyonunun klinik fenotipini yansıttığını ve endotel disfonksiyonuyla ortak patofizyolojik mekanizmalar paylaştığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda, serum adropin düzeylerinin endotelyal disfonksiyon biyobelirteçleri üzerindeki etkisini ve adropinin COVID-19 için yeni bir biyobelirteç olup olamayacağını araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 40 hafif/orta semptomlu, 48 ağır/kritik semptomlu COVID-19 hastası ve 37 kontrol dahil edilmiştir. Serum adropin ve asimetrik dimetilarginin (ADMA), endotelin-1 (ET-1), endotelyal nitrik oksit sentaz (eNOS), çözünür hücrelerarası adezyon molekülü-1 (sICAM-1) ve plazminojen aktivatör inhibitörü-1 (PAI-1) gibi endotelyal disfonksiyon biyobelirteçlerinin serum seviyeleri mikro-ELISA yöntemiyle belirlendi. Bulgular: COVID-19 hastalarında serum adropin düzeyleri (165.2±11.49 pg/ml), kontrol grubuna (85.46±12.08 pg/ml) göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Şiddetli/kritik semptomları olan hastaların serum adropin düzeyleri (194±16.23 pg/ml), hafif/orta semptomları olan hastalardan (130.6 ±14.53) anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Ayrıca, COVID-19 olgularında serum ADMA, eNOS ve ET-1 düzeyleri (sırasıyla; 150.5±8.67 ng/ml, 172.4±14.01 pg/ml, 159.3±10.19 pg/ml) kontrollere göre (sırasıyla; 104.5±9.182 ng/ml, 141.4±17.74 pg/ml, 100.1±11.37 pg/ml) anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Hastalarda, adropin ile ADMA, eNOS, ET-1, sICAM-1 ve PAI-1 düzeyleri arasında anlamlı pozitif korelasyonlar saptandı. Sonuç: Bulgularımız, adropinin COVID-19 için yeni bir potansiyel biyobelirteç ve endotel hücre hasarının onarımında önemli bir molekül olabileceğini göstermektedir. Hastalarda serum adropin düzeyleri ile ADMA, eNOS, ET-1, sICAM-1 ve PAI-1 seviyeleri arasındaki pozitif korelasyonlar, adropinin endotel hücrelerindeki hasarı telafi edebileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, adropin, endotelyal disfonksiyon, biyobelirteçler

Effect of serum adropin levels on circulating endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in COVID-19 patients

Purpose: Several studies show that the symptoms of severe COVID-19 infection reflect the clinical phenotype of endothelial dysfunction and share common pathophysiological mechanisms with endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of serum adropin levels on endothelial dysfunction biomarkers and determine whether adropin could be a new biomarker for COVID-19. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 patients with mild/moderate COVID-19, 48 patients with severe/critical COVID-19, and 37 controls. Serum adropin and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction including asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were determined by micro-ELISA. Results: Serum adropin levels were found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients (165.2±11.49 pg/ml) than in controls (85.46±12.08 pg/ml). Serum adropin levels of patients with severe/critical symptoms (194±16.23 pg/ml) were significantly higher than the patients with mild/moderate symptoms (130.6 ±14.53). In addition, serum ADMA, eNOS, and, ET-1 levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19 subjects (150.5±8.67 ng/ml, 172.4±14.01 pg/ml, 159.3±10.19 pg/ml, respectively) than that those in the controls (104.5±9.182 ng/ml, 141.4±17.74 pg/ml, 100.1±11.37 pg/ml, respectively). Significant positive correlations were found between adropin and ADMA, eNOS, ET-1, sICAM-1, and PAI-1 levels in the patients. Conclusion: We suggest that adropin may be a new potential biomarker for COVID-19 and an important molecule in restoring endothelial cell damage. Positive correlations between serum adropin levels and ADMA, eNOS, ET-1, sICAM-1 and PAI-1 levels in patients suggest that adropin may compensate for damage to endothelial cells.

Keywords:

COVID-19, adropin, endothelial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction biomarkers,

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