Sibel Yorulmaz, Emre İnak, Tuba Albayrak, Zeynep Selvioğlu

İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)’de Diflovidazin Direnci ve I1017F Mutasyonu

İki noktalı kırmızıörümcek Tetranychus urticae birçok üründe önemli kayıplara neden olan polifag bir zararlıdır. Ülkemizde bu zararlının kontrolünde kimyasal mücadele ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Diflovidazin etken maddesi akarisit olup, ülkemizde yakın bir tarihte Avrupa kırmızıörümceği Panonycus ulmi (Acari:Tetranychidae)’ye karşı elmada ruhsat almıştır. Ancak elma bahçelerinde dönemsel olarak Tetranychus urticae zararı olduğu da bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle diflovidazinin Tetranychus urticae üzerindeki etkilerinin ne olduğunun bilinmesi son derece önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada diflovidazin etken maddesinin laboratuvar koşullarında seleksiyon baskısı sonucunda T. urticae’de direnç gelişimi ve dirençle ilişkili olabileceği düşünülen I1017F mutasyonunun moleküler düzeyde belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla hassas T. urticae popülasyonunda diflovidazin tarla uygulama dozu ile bioassay denemeler kurularak LC değerleri belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen LC60 değerleri ile kırmızıörümcek popülasyonu selekte edilerek dirençli popülasyon elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Son seleksiyon popülasyonunda PCR çalışmaları ile I1017F mutasyon varlığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda diflovidazin ile üç kez selekte edilmiş T. urticae popülasyonunda 9,68 kat direnç gelişimi belirlenmiştir. Ancak moleküler çalışmalar sonucunda diflovidazin dirençli popülasyonda I1017F mutasyonu bulunmamıştır.

Two spotted spider mites Diflovidazine Resistance and I1017F Mutation in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Two spotted spider mites Tetranychus urticae is a polyphagous pest that causes significant losses in many agricultural products. Chemical control takes the first place in the control of this pest species in Turkey. The active ingredient of diflovidazine is an acaricide and has recently been licensed in apple orchards against the European red spider mite, Panonycus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Turkey. However, it is known that there is a periodic damage to T. urticae in apple orchards. Therefore, knowing the effects of diflovidazine on T. urticae is of utmost importance. In this study, it was aimed to determine the I1017F mutation which has been thought to be associated with insecticide resistance in T. urticae as a result of the selection pressure of diflovidazine active substance under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, in the susceptible T. urticae population, bioassay experiments were established with diflovidazine field application dose and LC values were determined. Resistant population was obtained by selection with the determination of LC60 values. In the last population, the presence of I1017F mutation has been determined with the help of PCR studies. At the end of the study, 9.68-fold resistance development was determined in T. urticae population that was selected three times with diflovidazine. However, as a result of molecular studies, the I1017F mutation was not found in the diflovidazine resistant population.

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