New approaches for synthesis of different mono and polyheterocyclic derivatives utilising a-substituted nitriles are surveyed. The reaction mechanîsm is considered as Micheael addition followed by cyclization on the cyano group of a-susbstituted cinnamonitrile or via dipolar cyc- loaddition reaction followed by elimination of hydrogen cyanide of the intermediate. The scope and limitation of the most important of these approachers are demonstrated.