Covid-19 Tutulumu Toparlanma Sonrası Hangi Vücut Sistemlerinde Rehabilitasyon Gerektirecek? Tanımlayıcı Derleme

Giriş ve Amaç: 2019 yılı sonunda Çin’in Hubei eyaletindeki Wuhan şehrinde eş zamanlı olarak 54 viral pnömoni vakası görülmüş, ve yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda Coronaviridae ailesine ait yeni bir koronavirüs olan COVID-19 tanımlanmıştır. 11 Mart 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir. COVID-19'un temel semptomları ateş, öksürük ve miyaljidir. Diğer küçük semptomlar boğaz ağrısı, baş ağrısı, titreme, mide bulantısı veya kusma, ishal, tat duyusunun kaybolması ve konjunktival tıkanıklıktır. Özellikle pulmoner sistem etkilenmektedir. Pulmoner rehabilitasyonun akut tedavi aşamasında kullanılması gerektiği ile ilgili çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ancak virüsün pulmoner sistem dışındaki bulgularına ve uzun dönem bulgularına odaklanan çok sayıda çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı; COVID-19 sonrası hangi vücut sistemlerinin etkilendiğinin, kronik bulgularının ve hangilerinin rehabilitasyon kapsamına gireceğinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İlgili yayınları belirlemek için PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus ve PEDro'da sistematik bir literatür taraması yapıldı. Veritabanı taramasına dahil olmak için yayınların İngilizce veya Türkçe yazılmış olması gerekiyordu. Anahtar terim olarak 'COVID-19', 'Post-COVID Sendromu' ve 'Uzun-COVID' anahtar terimleri ve ayrıca 'klinik semptomlar', 'pulmoner semptomlar', 'kardiyovasküler semptomlar', ‘nörolojik semptomlar’ ve ‘kognitif semptomlar’ ile ilgili farklı arama terimleri varyasyonları yer aldı. Bulgular: Pandeminin uzun dönem sonuçlarında birçok vücut yapısının etkileneceği gösterilmiştir. Etkilenen bu sistemlerin rehabilitasyon kapsamına gireceğini düşünmekteyiz. Ancak kronik semptomlara ve hasarlanan vücut sistemlerine odaklanan çalışma sayısının çok yetersiz olması kesin semptomların belirlenmesini güçleştirmektedir. Sonuç: Semptomların tam olarak belirlenebilmesi için virüsün uzun dönem etkilerine odaklanan daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Covid-19, Post-Covid Sendromu, rehabilitasyon

Which Body Systems Will Require Rehabilitation After Recovery From Covid-19?: Descriptive Review

Objective: For the first time, at the end of 2019, in the city of Wuhan in China's Hubei province, 54 simultaneous viral pneumonia cases were seen, and as a result of the researches, a new coronavirus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, COVID-19, was identified. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The main symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, cough and myalgia. Other minor symptoms are sore throat, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, anosmia, and conjunctival congestion. The pulmonary system is particularly affected. There are studies on the use of pulmonary rehabilitation in the acute treatment phase. However, there are not many studies focusing on the findings and long-term findings of the virus outside the pulmonary system. The aim of our study; It is to determine which body systems are affected after COVID-19, their chronic findings and which ones will be included in the rehabilitation scope Materials and Methods: In order to identify relevant publications a systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and PEDro. For inclusion in the database search, publications needed to have been written in English or Turkish. The search strings included as key term ‘COVID-19’, ‘Post-COVID Syndrome’ and ‘Long-COVID’ as well as different variations of search terms related to ‘clinical symptoms’, ‘pulmonary symptoms’, ‘cardiovascular symptoms’, ‘neurological symptoms’ and ‘cognitive symptoms’. Exclusion criteria were vaccination studies and publications in languages other than Turkish or English. Results: It has been shown that many body structures will be affected in the long-term consequences of the pandemic. We think that these affected systems will fall within the scope of rehabilitation. However, the insufficient number of studies focusing on chronic symptoms and damaged body systems makes it difficult to determine the exact symptoms. Conclusion: More studies focusing on the long-term effects of the virus are needed to fully identify the symptoms.

Keywords:

Covid-19, Post-Covid Syndrome, rehabilitation,

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