Şükran SIRKINTIOĞLU YILDIRIM, Leyla DURUKAN

İmalatçı KOBİ’lerin Dijital Dönüşümü: KOSGEB Desteği Özelinde Nicel Bir Araştırma

Endüstri 4’ün bileşenlerinden biri olan üretim ve iş süreçlerinin dijitalleşmesi, üretim ve kaynak verimliliğinin artırılması ve maliyetlerin düşürülmesi gibi sayısız avantaj sunabilmektedir. Dijitalleşmenin ülke ekonomilerinin sürdürülebilirliğine katkısından dolayı sanayi politikaları ile KOBİ’ler desteklenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmanın amacı, imalatçı KOBİ'lerin dijitalleşmeye yönelik tutumlarının dijitalleşme düzeylerine etkisini analiz etmek ve KOSGEB dijitalleşme desteğinden yararlanan imalatçı KOBİ’lerin desteğe bakış açılarının araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmamış, tam sayım yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya ilişkin veriler KOSGEB KOBİGEL-KOBİ Gelişim Destek Programından yararlanan imalatçı KOBİ’lerden toplanmıştır. Toplam 105 KOBİ’den toplanan veriler SPSS 26.0 paket programından yararlanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucuna göre KOBİ’lerin dijitalleşmeye yönelik tutumlarının dijitalleşme düzeyleri üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dijitalleşme, Endüstri 4.0, KOBİ, İmalat, Dönüşüm

Manufacturer SMEs' Digital Transformation: A Quantitative Study on KOSGEB Support

The digitalization of production and business processes, one of the components of Industry 4, can offer numerous advantages, such as increasing production and resource efficiency and reducing costs. Due to the contribution of digitalization to the sustainability of national economies, industrial policies support SMEs. The study aims to analyze the impact of manufacturing SMEs' attitudes towards digitalization on their digitalization levels and investigate the perspectives of manufacturing SMEs that benefit from KOSGEB digitalization support. The quantitative research method was used in the study; the sampling method was not used, and a complete census was conducted. The data for the research were collected and analyzed from manufacturing SMEs benefiting from KOSGEB digitalization support. According to the regression analysis results, it was concluded that SMEs' attitudes towards digitalization positively affect their digitalization levels and that SMEs are generally satisfied with the way KOSGEB support is provided, the support criteria, and the support rate.

Keywords:

Digitalization, industry 4.0, SME, production, transformation,

PDF

___

Akhter, F. (2017). Unlocking digital entrepreneurship through technical business process. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(1), 36–42.
Baurina, S. B. (2020). Smart industry: technology for the future. In 2020 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Bayraktar, Y. & Tütüncü, A. (2021). Vergi gelirleri ve e-uygulamalar kayıtdışı ekonominin azaltılmasında etkili midir?. Ş. Karabulut (Ed.), İktisadi, mali ve finansal uygulamaların ampirik sonuçları cilt 2– Maliye ve Finans Uygulamaları içinde (ss.61-79). Ankara: Gazi Kitapevi.
Berger E. S. C., Briel, F. V., Davidsson P. & Kuckertz, A. (2021). Digital or not – the future of entrepreneurship and innovation: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Business Research, 125, 436-442.
Bouwman, H., Nikou, S. & de Reuver, M. (2019). Digitalization, business models, and SMEs: How do business model innovation practices improve performance of digitalizing SMEs?. Telecommunications Policy, 43(9), 101828.
Carolis, A. D., Macchi, M., Negri, E. & Terzi, S. (2017). Guiding manufacturing companies towards digitalization roadmap. International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) (pp. 487-495). IEEE.
Chang, V., Doan, L.M.T., Stefano, A. D., Sun, Z. & Fortino, G. (2022). Digital payment fraud detection methods in digital ages and Industry 4.0. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 100, 1-21.
Chatterjee, S., Chaudhuri, R. Vrontis, D. & Thrassou, A. (2022). SME entrepreneurship and digitalization – the potentialities and moderating role of demographic factors. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179, 1-12.
Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve Lisrel Uygulamaları, Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
Dunay, K. E., (2021). İmalat sanayinde dijitalleşmenin stratejik önemi ve KOBİ’ler. Anahtar Dergisi, 385, 14-18.
Eggers, B. & Hollmann, S. (2018). Digital leadership – Anforderungen, Aufgaben und skills von Führungskräften in der Arbeitswelt 4.0. In F. Keuper, M. Schomann, L. Sikora, & R. Wassef (Eds.), Disruption und transformation management. Germany: Springer.
Elia, G., Margherita, A. & Passiante G. (2020). Digital entrepreneurship ecosystem: How digital technologies and collective intelligence are reshaping the entrepreneurial process. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 150, 1-12.
Fernandes, C., Ferreira, J. J., Veiga, P. M., Kraus, S. & Dabić, M. (2022). Digital entrepreneurship platforms: Mapping the field and looking towards a holistic approach. Technology in Society, 70, 101979.
Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS, (3.Baskı). ABD: UK: Sage,.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. UK: Sage.
Franco, M., Godinho L. & Rodrigues, M. (2021). Exploring the influence of digital entrepreneurship on SME digitalization and management. Small Enterprise Research, 1-24.
Ghazy, N., Ghoneim, H. & Lang, G. (2022). Entrepreneurship, productivity and digitalization: Evidence from the EU. Technology in Society, 70, 102052.
Ghobakhloo, M. (2020). Industry 4.0, digitalization, and opportunities for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 1-21.
Hai, T. N., Van, Q. N. & Thi Tuyet, M. N. (2021). Digital transformation: Opportunities and challenges for leaders in the emerging countries in response to Covid-19 pandemic. Emerging Science Journal, 5, 21–36.
Hair J. F, Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Balck, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis with readings. (4. Baskı), New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Hallin, A., Lindell E., Jonsson, B. & Uhlin A. (2022) Digital transformation and power relations. Interpretative repertoires of digitalization in the Swedish steel industry. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 38, 1-11.
Jahangir, K. & Walter, Z. (2015). The role of dynamic capabilities in responding to digital disruption: a factor-based study of the newspaper industry. Journal of Management Information Systems, 32(1), 39–81.
Kokkinakos, P., Markaki, O., Koussouris, S. & Psarras, J. (2016). Digital Transformation: Is Public Sector Following the Enterprise 2.0 Paradigm?. In: Chugunov, A., Bolgov, R., Kabanov, Y., Kampis, G., Wimmer, M. (eds) Digital Transformation and Global Society. DTGS 2016. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 674. Springer, Cham
KOSGEB, İşletme Geliştirme, Büyüme ve Uluslararasılaşma Destekleri, www.kosgeb.gov.tr, (Erişim Tarihi: 22.07.2022).
Kotarba, M. (2018). Digital transformation of business models. Foundations of Management, 10(1), 123–142. Kozarkiewicz, A. (2020). General and specific: The impact of digital transformation on Project processes and management methods. Foundations of Management, 12(1), 237–248.
Li, W. Liu, K., Belitski, M., Ghobadian, A. & O’regan, N. (2016). e-Leadership through strategic alignment: An empirical study of small- and medium-sized enterprises in the digital age. Journal of Information Technology, 31(2), 185-206.
Matarazzo, M., Penco, L., Profumo, G. & Quaglia, R. (2021). Digital transformation and customer value creation in Made in Italy SMEs: A dynamic capabilities perspective. Journal of Business Research, 123, 642-656.
Papadopoulos, T., Baltas, K. N. & Balta, M.E. (2020). The use of digital technologies by small and medium enterprises during COVID-19: Implications for theory and practice. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 1-4.
Reim, W., Viitala, P. Y., Arrasvuori, J. & Parida, V. (2022). Tackling business model challenges in SME internationalization through digitalization. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7, 1-9.
Reza, M. N. H., Malarvizhi, C. A. N., Jayashree, S., & Mohiuddin, M. (2021). Industry 4.0–technological revolution and sustainable firm performance. Emerging Trends in Industry 4.0 (ETI 4.0) (1-6). IEEE.
Schroeck, M., Kwan, A., Kawamura, J., Stefanita, C. & Sharma, D. (2019). Digital Industrial Transformation: Reinventing to Win in Industry 4.0. Deloitte insights, 1-12.
Schweer, D. & Sahl, J.C. (2017). The Digital Transformation of Industry – The Benefit for Germany. In: Abolhassan, F. (eds) The Drivers of Digital Transformation. Management for Professionals. Switzerland: Springer, Cham.
Scuotto, V. Nicotra, M., Del Giudice, M., Krueger, N. & Gregori, G. L. (2021). A microfoundational perspective on SMEs’ growth in the digital transformation era. Journal of Business Research, 129, 382-392.
Shao, T. A. (2002). Marketing research: An aid to decision making. SouthWestern/Thomson Learning. TÜİK, 2022. Girişimlerde Robot Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması. Erişim Tarihi: 23 Temmuz 2023. http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
Veile, J., Schmidt, M.C. & Voigt, K.I. (2022) Toward a new era of cooperation: How industrial digital platforms transform business models in Industry 4.0. Journal of Business Research, 143, 387-405.
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, N. F. & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889-901.
Warner, SR, K. & Wager, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52, 326-349.
Xie, X. Han, Y., Anderson, A. & Navarrete, S. R. (2022). Digital platforms and SMEs’ business model innovation: Exploring the mediating mechanisms of capability reconfiguration. International Journal of Information Management, 65, 1-13.
Youngjin, Y. (2013). The tables have turned: how can the information systems field contribute to technology and innovation management research?. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14(5), 227–236.