Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Otoyolunun Peyzaj Bitkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmada, 426 km uzunluğu ile Türkiye’nin yapımı tamamlanmış en uzun otoyolu olan Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir otoyolu peyzaj bitkileri ekolojik, estetik ve uygunluk kriterleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Otoyolu; Gebze-Orhangazi, Orhangazi-Bursa, Bursa-Susurluk, Susurluk-Balıkesir, Balıkesir-Kırkağaç, Kırkağaç-Manisa ve Manisa-İzmir olmak üzere 7 ayrı kesimden oluşmakta olup çalışma alanının tamamında 107 farklı peyzaj bitki taksonunun kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek takson çeşitliliğinin Gebze-Orhangazi kesiminde yer aldığı, en az takson çeşitliliğinin ise Bursa-Susurluk kesiminde olduğu belirlenmiş olup otoyol bütününde toplam 6.144.974 adet bitkinin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Peyzaj bitkisi olarak kullanılan taksonların %59,81’inin egzotik (yabancı yurtlu), %40,19’unun doğal (yerli yurtlu) taksonlardan seçildikleri aynı zamanda taksonların %85,05’inin hava kirliliğine, %76,64’ünün rüzgara, %35,52’sinin dona, %74,77’sinin sıcaklığa %63,55’inin kuraklığa, %37,38’inin ise tuzluluğa karşı dayanıklı oldukları bulunmuştur. Taksonların %92,52’sinin otoyol peyzajı için uygun taksonlar olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Otoyolu, Otoyol Peyzajı, Peyzaj Bitkileri

Evaluation of Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway’s Landscape Plants

In this study, Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway, which is the longest completed highway in Turkey with a length of 426 km, landscape plants have been examined in terms of ecological, aesthetic and suitability criteria. Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway consists of 7 sections, namely Gebze-Orhangazi, Orhangazi-Bursa, Bursa-Susurluk, Susurluk-Balıkesir, Balıkesir-Kırkağaç, Kırkağaç-Manisa, and Manisa-İzmir. It has been determined that 107 landscape plant taxa are used in the whole study area. It has been determined that Gebze-Orhangazi section has the highest taxa diversity and Bursa-Susurluk section has the least taxa diversity. It is seen that a total of 6,144,974 plants are used in the whole highway. Of landscape plants which are used as taxa, 59.81% are exotic (foreign), 40.19% are natural (domestic). It has been found that 74.77% of them are resistant to frost, 63.55% of them are resistant to drought, and 37.38% of them are resistant to salinity. It is observed that 92.52% of the taxa are suitable for the highway landscape.

Keywords:

Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Highway, Highway landscape, Landscape plants.,

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