Rasime DEMİREL, Nalan YILMAZ SARIÖZLÜ, Turgay TAY, Merih KIVANÇ

Toprak kaynaklı aktinomisetlerin antifungal aktivitesinin taranması

Türkiye’nin batısından toplanan 35 toprak örneğinden izole edilen toplam 288 aktinomiset suşu Aspergillus niger ATCC-1094 , A. parasiticus NRRL-465 , Fusarium moniliforme NRRL 1866 , F. solani NRRL-13414 , Penicillium chrysogenum NRRL 807 , A. fumigatus, Alternaria citri, Al. tenuissima, Athelia rolfsii, F. acuminatum, F. aveneceum, F. clamydosporium, F. culmarum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. subglutanas, Fusarium sp., Gaeumannomyces graminis, Mycosphaerella rabiei, P. citrinum ve P. piceum gibi hasat öncesi ve sonrası fungal patojenlere karşı test edilmiştir. Birinci taramada, test edilen suşların % 30,55’i fungal patojenlere karşı inhibisyon potansiyeli göstermiştir. Etkin izolatlardan 7 suş birinci taramada yüksek inhibisyon potansiyellerine dayalı olarak dört farklı fermantasyon ortamı ile ikinci tarama için seçilmiştir. Fermantasyon B ortamının hücresiz süpernatantı test funguslarına karşı geniş spectrum ve yüksek inhibisyon potansiyeli göstermiştir. Etil asetat ile ektraksiyondan sonra, seçilen yedi suştan XF, BF, AM3.1, 9M ve 14M özellikle bazı Aspergillus ve Fusarium üyelerine karşı antifungal aktivite göstermişlerdir. Bu sonuçlar; test edilen beş aktinomiset suşunun hasat öncesi ve sonrası fungal patojenlere karşı potansiyel aktiviteye sahip olduğunu, zirai ürünlerin korunması için kullanışlı olabilecek antagonistik bileşiklerinin üretilebilir ve antifungal aktivitelerini kaybetmeden elde edilebilir olduğunu işaret etmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

aktinomiset, antifungal aktivite, bitki patojenleri, toprak, tarama

Screening the antifungal activity of soilborne actinomycetes

A total of 288 actinomycete strains, isolated from 35 soil samples collected from western Turkey, were tested against pre- and post-harvest fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus niger ATCC-1094 , A. parasiticus NRRL-465 , Fusarium moniliforme NRRL 1866 , F. solani NRRL-13414 , Penicillium chrysogenum NRRL 807 , A. fumigatus, Alternaria citri, Al. tenuissima, Athelia rolfsii, F. acuminatum, F. aveneceum, F. clamydosporium, F. culmarum, F. equiseti, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. subglutanas, Fusarium sp., Gaeumannomyces graminis, Mycosphaerella rabiei, P. citrinum and P. piceum. During primary screening, 30.55% of the strains showed inhibition potential against the test pathogen fungi. Of the effective isolates, seven strains were selected for secondary screening with four different fermentation media based on their high inhibition potential in primary screening. The cell-free supernatant of fermentation B medium showed broad-spectrum and high inhibition potential against the test fungi. After extraction with ethyl acetate, XF, BF, AM3.1, 9M and 14M from the selected seven strains exhibited antifungal activity against particularly some members of Fusarium and Aspergillus genera. These results indicate that the tested five actinomycete strains have potential activity against pre- and post-harvest pathogens, and their antagonist compounds can be produced and obtained without the loss of antifungal effects, which could be useful for the protection of agricultural products

Keywords:

actinomycete, antifungal activity, plant pathogens, soil, screening,

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