Bazı endemik Salvia türleri arasındaki genetik akrabalığın RAPD belirteçleri ile saptanması

Bu çalışmada, rastgele çoğaltılmış polimorfik DNA RAPD analizi 4 endemik Salvia türü arasındaki genetik akrabalığı belirlemek amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Toplamda 15 primer denenmiş bunlardan 7’si polimorfik ve tekrar çoğaltılabilen bantlar oluşturmuştur. Çoğaltılan 81 banttan 80’i %98.7 polimorfiktir. Primer başına çoğaltılan bant sayısı 7 ila 14 arasında değişmiştir. Benzerlik katsayısı hesaplanarak UPGMA işlemi ile dendrogram oluşturulmuştur. Bu dendrogramda 4 Salvia türü iki ana kümeye ayrılmıştır. Birinci küme iki alt kümeye ayrılarak ilki S. wiedemannii’ye ait bireyleri, diğer alt küme ise S. tchihatcheffii’ye ait bireyleri içermiştir. İkinci küme de iki alt kümeye ayrılmıştır. İlk alt küme S. crypthanta’ya ait bireyleri içerirken ikinci alt küme S. cyanescens’i içermiştir. RAPD analizi ile belirlenen bu genetik ilişki temelde morfolojik verilerle uyum göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, RAPD tekniği Salvia cinsi içerisinde genetik akrabalık çalışmalarında kullanılabilir, güvenilir bir belirteç sistemidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Salvia, genetik ilişki, RAPD, PCR, endemik bitki

Determination of genetic relationships between some endemic Salvia species using RAPD markers

In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA RAPD analysis was used to determine genetic relationship among four endemic Salvia species. A total of 15 primers were screened, among them 7 primers produced polymorphic and reproducible bands. Eighty one DNA bands were amplified, among which 80 bands 98.7% were polymorphic. The number of bands amplified per primer varied from 7 to 14. Similarity coefficients were calculated and a dendrogram was constructed by using UPGMA algorithm. In dendrogram, the four Salvia species were divided into two major clusters. Cluster I included two subclusters, one containing all accessions of S. wiedemannii and the other one containing accessions of S. tchihatcheffii. Cluster II was also separated into two subclusters. The first subcluster contained all accessions belonging to S. crypthanta and the second subcluster contained S. cyanescens. The genetic relationships estimated by the RAPD analysis are basically in agreement with morphological data. Thus, RAPD technique is a reliable marker system that can be used to study genetic relationship in the genus Salvia

Keywords:

Salvia, Genetic relationship, RAPD, PCR, Endemic plant,

PDF

___

Agostini, G., Echeverrigaray, S., Souza-Chies, T. T. 2008. Genetic relationships among South American species of Cunila D. Royen ex L. based on ISSR. Plant Systematics and Evolution 274/3: 135-141.
Başer, K.H.C. 1995. Composition of the essential oil of Salvia cryptantha from Turkey, Journal of Essential Oil Research, 7: 113-114.
Başer, K.H.C. 2000. In: A. Güner vd. (ed.) Index to Turkish Plant Chemical Contents, Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 11: 538-542.
Belaj, A., Trujilo, I., Rosa, R., Rallo, L., Gimenez, M.J. 2001. Polymorphism and discrimination capacity of randomly amplified polymorphic markers in an olive germplasm bank. J Am Soc Hort Sci 126: 64–71
Botstein, D., White R.L., Skolnick, M., Davis, R.W. 1980. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphism. American Journal of Human Genetics 32: 314–331.
Deshwall, R.P.S., Singh, R., Malik, K., Randhawa, G.J. 2005. Assessment of genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 29 populations of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. using RAPD markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 52: 285–292
Echeverrigaray, S.; Agostini, G. 2006. Genetic relationships between commercial cultivars and Brazilian accessions of Salvia officinalis L. based on RAPD markers. Rev. Bras. Pl. Med. 8: 13-17.
Echeverrigaray, S.; Agostini, G.; Atti-Serfini, L.; Paroul, N.; Pauletti, G. F.; Atti dos Santos, A. C. 2001. Correlation between the chemical and genetic relationships among commercial thyme cultivars. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 49: 4220–4223.
Ekim T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z. & Adıgüzel, N. 2000. Turkish Plants Red Data Book., Doğal Hayatı Koruma Derneği ve Yüzüncüyıl Üniversitesi, Ankara.
Fracaro, F.; Zacaria, J.; Echeverrigaray, S. 2005. RAPD based genetic relationships between populations of three chemotypes of Cunila galioides Benth. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 33: 409–417.
Hedge, I.C., 1982. Salvia L. In: Davis, P.H. (Ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 7. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp.400-461.
Jaccard, P. 1908. Novelles recherches sur la distribution florale. Bullettin de la Societe Vaudoise des Science Naturelles 44: 223–270.
Kapteyn, J., Goldsbrough, P. B., Simon, J. E. 2002. Genetic relationships and diversity of commercially relevant Echinacea species. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105: 369–376.
Karaca, M., Ince, A. G., Tugrul Ay, S., Turgut, K., Onus, A. N. 2008. PCR-RFLP and DAMD-PCR genotyping for Salvia species. J Sci Food Agric 88: 2508-2516.
Li, Y.G., C.L. Dewald, and P.L. Sims. 1999. Genetic relationships within Tripsacum as detected by RAPD variation. Annals of Botany 84:695–702.
Nakıpoğlu, M. 1993. Türkiye’nin bazı Salvia L. Türleri üzerinde karyolojik araştırmalar II. S.viridis L., S.dlutinosa L., S.virgata Jacq.,S.verbenaca L., Turkish Journal of Botany 17: 157-161.
Ogunkanmi, L.A., Okunowo, W.O., Oyelakin, O.O., Oboh, , Adesina, O.O., Adekoya, K.O., Ogundipe, O.T. 2010. Assessment of genetic relationships between two species of jute plants using phenotypic and RAPD markers. International Journal of Botany 6: 107-111.
Rohlf, F.J. 1998. NTSYSpc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. Version 2.02. Exeter Software, Setauket.
Skoula, M.; Hilali, I. E.; Makris, A. M. 1999. Evaluation of the genetic diversity of Salvia fruticosa Mill. clones using RAPD markers and comparison with essential oil profiles. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 27/6: 559–568.
Sneath, P.H.A., Sokal, R.R. 1973. Numerical taxonomy. Freeman Press, San Francisco, California, USA.
Tautz, D. 1989. Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source of polymorphic DNA markers. Nucleic Acids Research 17: 6463–6471
Topçu, G., Kartal, M., Ulubelen, A. 1997. Terpenoids from Salvia tchihatcheffii, Phytochemistry 44/7: 1393-1395.
Vos, P., Hogers, R., Bleeker, M., Reijans, M., van de Lee, T., Hornes, M., Frijters, A., Pot, J., Peleman, J., Kulper, M., Zabeau, M. 1995. AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research 23/21: 4407-4414.
Walker, J.B., Sytsma, K.J., Treutlein, J., Wink, M. 2004. Salvia is not monophyletic: implications for the systematics radiation and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Mentheae. American Journal of Botany 91: 1115–1125.
Williams, J.G.K., Rubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A., Tingey, S.V. 1990. DNA polymorphisms amplified by artitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research 18: 6531–6535.
Yücel, E. 2000. Effects of different Salt (NaCl), nitrate (KNO3) and acid (H2SO4) concentrations on the germination of some Salvia species seeds. Seed Science & Technology 28: 853-860.
Yücel, E., Yılmaz, G. 2009. Effects of different alkaline metal salts (NaCl, KNO3), acid concentrations (H2SO4) and growth regulator (GA3) on the germination of Salvia cyanescens Boiss. & Bal. Seeds. G.U. Journal of Science 22/3: 123-127.
Zietkiewicz E., Rafalski, A., Labuda, D. 1994. Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR) anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics 20: 176–183.