Veteriner İlaçlarının Çevrede Bulunuşu ve Etkileri

Veteriner ilaçları hastalığı tedavi etmek ve hayvan sağılığını korumak için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hayvanhastalıklarının tedavisinde ve önlenmesinde kullanılan veteriner ilaçları, yoğun tarımsal ve su ürünleriyetiştiriciliğinden dolayı çevre kirliliğinin önemli bir kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Hayvancılık ve tavukçuluküretiminde kullanılan farmasötik maddeler hayvanlar tarafından metabolize edildikten sonra dışkı yoluyla çevreselortamlara bırakılırlar. Hayvan yemi ve kullanılmayan ilaçların uygunsuz bertarafı sonucunda yüzeysel sukaynaklarına kadar ulaşabilirler. Ayrıca hayvan gübrelerinin tarımsal alanlarda kullanılması veteriner ilaçlarınınçevrede bulunmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu derlemede veteriner uygulamalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan ilaçlarınçevresel ortamlarda bulunuşu, davranışı, dönüşümü ve canlılar üzerindeki toksik etkileri hakkında mevcut bilgilerverilmektedir. Ayrıca düşük konsantrasyondaki ilaçların ve metabolitlerinin uzun vadeli etkileri, ekosistemdekiveteriner ilaçlarının davranışı ve çevresel etkileri araştırılmıştır.

The Occurrence and Effect of Veterinary Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

Veterinary medicines are widely used to treat disease and protect animal health. Veterinary drugs used in the treatment and prevention of animal diseases constitute an important source of environmental pollution due to intensive agricultural and aquaculture. The pharmaceuticals used in livestock and poultry production are metabolized by animals and after that released into the environment by feces. They can reach to surface water resources as a result of inappropriate disposal of animal feed and unused medicines. In this review, current information on the presence, behavior, transformation and toxic effects of drugs in the environment commonly used in veterinary practices are given. In addition, the long-term effects of drugs and their metabolites on low concentrations, the behavior of veterinary drugs in the ecosystem and their effects on the environment were investigated.

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