Rabia İZOL, Okan TÜRKMEN, Arif GÜREL, Paki TURGUT

Mimar Sinan Camilerinde Sütunların Formları, Dikey ve Yanal Yük Kapasiteleri

Duvarlar ile birlikte kolonlar, tarihi yığma yapıların çoğunda düşey ve yatay yüklerin taşınmasında ana taşıyıcı elemanlardır. Büyük Osmanlı mimarı Mimar Sinan'ın camileri incelendiğinde kolon formlarında oldukça geniş bir çeşitlilik olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durumdan hareketle bu çalışmada, Sinan'ın birkaç camisindeki kolon formları incelenmiş, geometrik boyutları ölçülerek düşey ve yanal yük taşıma kapasiteleri belirlenmiştir. İncelenen kolonlar Sinan Paşa, Kılıç Ali Paşa, Üsküdar Mihrimah Sultan, Selimiye, Şehzade ve Süleymaniye camilerinin kolonlarıdır. Öncelikle kolonların düşey kapasiteleri hem klasik gerilme denklemi hem de Abaqus programı ile hesaplanmış ve iki hesaplama yöntemi ile birbirine çok yakın sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra sadece Abaqus programı kullanılarak yanal yük taşıma kapasiteleri hesaplanmıştır. Kolonların yanal yük kapasiteleri üzerinde diğer ilgili faktörlerle birlikte yüksekliğin de önemli olduğu bir kez daha görülmüş ve vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mimar Sinan, Cami, kolon, düşey ve yatay yük kapasitesi, Abaqus

Forms, and Vertical and Lateral Load Capacities of Columns in Mimar Sinan’s Mosques

Along with the walls, columns are the main load-bearing elements in carrying vertical and horizontal loads in most historic masonry buildings. When the mosques of Mimar Sinan, the great Ottoman architect, are examined, it is seen that there is a wide variety in column forms. Motivated by this situation, in this study, the column forms in Sinan's a few mosques were investigated, their geometric dimensions were measured, and the vertical and lateral load carrying capacities of them were determined. The columns examined are the columns of Sinan Pasha, Kılıç Ali Pasha, Üsküdar Mihrimah Sultan, Selimiye, Şehzade and Süleymaniye mosques. Initially, the vertical capacities of the columns were calculated with both the classical stress equation and the Abaqus program, and very close results were obtained with the two calculation methods. Then, lateral load carrying capacities were calculated only by using of the Abaqus program. It has been once again seen and emphasized that height is also important, along with other relevant factors, on the lateral load capacities of the columns.

Keywords:

Mimar Sinan, mosque, column, vertical and lateral load capacity, Abaqus software,

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