Yumuşak çekirdekli meyve ağaçlarında odun dokusunda zararlı viral etmenlerin saptanması ve dağılım oranlarının belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma Adana, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin, Niğde ve Osmaniye illerindeki elma, armut ve ayva alanlarında 2006–2009 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın amacı; yumuşak çekirdekli meyve ağaçlarında zararlı Elma gövde çukurlaşma (Apple stem grooving virus: ASGV) ve Elma gövde yivleşme (Apple stem pitting virus: ASPV) virüs hastalıklarının saptanması ve bu hastalıkların etmenlere, illere ve türlere göre dağılım oranlarının belirlenmesidir. Sürvey çalışmaları sonucunda 134 bahçeden alınan 619 elma, armut ve ayva örneğinin % 18.4 oranında bu hastalık etmenleri ile enfekteli olduğu ELISA testi ile belirlenmiştir. Hastalık etmenlerinin dağılım oranı sırasıyla ASPV % 10.3, ASGV % 5.5 ve ASPV+ASGV % 2.6, konukçu türlerin enfeksiyon oranları ise armut % 19.4, elma % 18.3 ve ayva % 17.4 şeklinde tespit edilmiştir. Hastalık etmenlerinin % 23.2 ile Adana ilinde en yoğun, %11.4 ile Mersin ilinde ise en az bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu hastalık etmenlerinin varlığı moleküler ve biyolojik yöntemlerle de doğrulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

ASPV, ASGV, elma, armut, ayva, dağılım

Determination of woody tissue attacking viruses and evaluation of their distribution in pome fruit trees

This study has been carried out on apple, pear and quince fruit crops during 2006-2009 in Adana, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin, Niğde and Osmaniye provinces. The aim of the study was to detect Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) on pome fruits and evaluation of the distribution of those pathogens according to the pome fruit species and inspected regions. During the survey, 619 samples were collected from 134 orchards and, 18.4% of the samples were founded as ASPV, ASGV or ASPV+ASGV infected by ELISA test. The distribution of the diseases was determined as 10.3% ASPV, 5.5% ASGV and 2.6% ASPV+ASGV. The infection rate of the species were determined as 19.4, 18.3 and 17.4% in pear, apple and in quince, respectively. Results showed that the highest distribution of those pathogens is 23.2% in Adana whereas the lowest distribution was detected in Mersin as 11.4%. The presence of these diseases was confirmed also by molecular and biological means.

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