Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeler için Endüstri 4.0 Olgunluk Öğeleri ve Ağırlıklarının Belirlenmesi

Endüstri 4.0'ın vizyonu, tedarik zincirinde tesisteki her bir öğenin ve insanın üretimde bir kimliğe sahip olduğu ve herhangi bir işlemde birbirleriyle iletişim kurarak herhangi bir dış müdahale olmaksızın çalıştığı entegre bir ekosistemdir. Böyle bir üretim kavramı birçok şirkete, özellikle de KOBİ'lere fütüristik gelse de, bu geleceğe geçiş kaçınılmazdır ve kuruluşlar, kavramları açıkça anlamak ve Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarını etkili bir şekilde yürütmek için bir yol haritasına ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu makalede, her bir Endüstri 4.0 kriterinin KOBİ'ler için önem seviyesi ifade edilmiş ve nicel bir olgunluk modeli geliştirmek için kullanılmıştır. Boyutların ve olgunluk öğelerinin ağırlıklarının hesaplanmasında Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında 9 farklı boyut ve 33 ilişkili öğe belirlenmiştir. İlk bulgular, “Strateji ve Organizasyon” boyutunun “Üretim Yazılımı”, “Çalışanlar” ve “Endüstri 4.0 Yol Haritası” öğeleriyle birlikte olgunluk seviyesi üzerinde en yüksek etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Designating Industry 4.0 Maturity Items and Weights for Small and Medium Enterprises

The vision of Industry 4.0 is an integrated ecosystem in supply chain where every item and human in the plant has an ID in production and works without any external intervention, communicating with each other in every operation. Although such a concept of manufacturing may sound futuristic to many companies, and especially SMEs, the transition to this future is inevitable, and organizations need a roadmap to clearly understand the concepts and effectively execute the applications of Industry 4.0. In this paper, the level of importance of each Industry 4.0 criterion for SMEs is expressed and used to develop a quantitative maturity model. Analytic Hierarchy Process was utilized to calculate the weights of dimensions and maturity items. An iterative procedure led to 9 different dimensions and 33 correlated items. Initial findings showed that the “Strategy and Organization” dimension has the highest impact on maturity level along with the items “Manufacturing Software”, “Employees”, and “Industry 4.0 Roadmap”.

Keywords:

industry 4.0, maturity model analytic hierarchy process, industry 4.0 index,

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