Ebu Bekir AYGAR

319164

Zayıf zeminlerde açılan büyük çaplı çift tüp tünellerde tünellerin birbirine olan etkisinin 3 boyutlu sayısal analizler ile incelenmesine bir örnek, Bolu Tüneli destek sistemlerinin değerlendirilmesi

Bolu Tüneli Ankara İstanbul Otoyolu üzerinde yer almaktadır. Bolu Tüneli proje çalışmalarına 1993 yılında başlanmış olup 2007 yılında trafiğe açılmıştır. 3 şeritli çift tünel olarak inşa edilmiştir. Tünel uzunlukları sağ tünel 2788 m sol tünel ise 2954 m’dir. Bolu Tüneli inşası sırasında 2 kez sel ve 2 kez depreme maruz kalmış ve tünelin Ankara girişinde yeralan Elmalık kesiminde 12 Kasım 1999 Düzce Depremi sonrası göçük yaşanmıştır. Bu göçük sonrasında tünel güzergahı değiştirilmiştir. Bolu Tüneli jeolojik olarak Kuzey Anadolu Fay Hattı ana kolu ile Düzce Fayı arasındaki tektonik bloktan geçmektedir. Tünelin İstanbul tarafı (Asarsuyu girişi) metakristalin temel kayaları içerisinde yer almakta iken Ankara tarafı (Elmalık girişi) sedimanter kayaçlar içerisinde bulınmaktadır. Tünel bu iki birimi Bakacak fayı ile kesilmektedir. Tünelde kazı aşamasında en büyük sorunların meydana geldiği Elmalık girişinde Elmalık fayı bulunmakta olup, tünelin bu bölümlerinde 1.2 m’ye varan deformasyonlar ile karşılaşılmıştır. Ayrıca Elmalık sağ tünelde fay geçişi sırasında 1996 yılında göçük meydana gelmiş, 12 Kasım 1999 Düzce Depreminde ise Elmalık sol tünel tamamen kapanarak göçük oluşmuştur. Yeni Avusturya Tünelcilik Yöntemi ile projelendirilen Bolu Tünellerinde yaşanan sorunlar ve geliştirilen destek sistemleri tünelcilik açısından çok değerli bilgiler içermektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Bolu Tünel destek sistemleri Flac3d programı ile 3 boyutlu olarak incelenmiş, iki tünelin birbirine olan etkisi, üst yarı, alt yarı ve invert kazılarında meydana gelen değişimler ortaya konmuştur.

An analysis of interaction between large diameter double tube tunnels excavated in weak soils through 3D numerical analysis; An example of Bolu Tunnel

Bolu Tunnel is located on the Ankara İstanbul Highway which started in 1993 and was made available to traffic in 2007. It was built as 3-lane double tunnel. The tunnel lengths of the right and left tunnel are 2788 m and 2954 m respectively. During the construction, it was undergone 2 earthquakes and flooding, and the Elmalık section collapsed after the Düzce Earthquake. After collapse, the route diverted. The tunnel passes through the tectonic block between the North Anatolian Fault and Düzce Fault. The Istanbul side (Asarsuyu) is located within the metacrystalline basement, the Ankara side (Elmalık) is located within the sedimentary rocks. The biggest problems during the excavation of the tunnel located Elmalık fault where deformations up to 1.2 m and collapsed in the earthquake. The problems and support systems in the tunnels contain very valuable information for tunneling. In this study, the supports are examined in 3D with the Flac3d program, the effect of the two tunnels on each other, the deformation changes in the top heading, bench and invert excavations are studied.
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Bilimsel Madencilik Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 2564-7024
  • Yayın Aralığı: 4
  • Yayıncı: TMMOB Maden Mühendisleri Odası
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Ebu Bekir AYGAR