AÇIK OCAK MADENLERİNDE DELME OPERASYONUNDA KULLANILAN DELİCİ UÇLARIN OPTİMUM DEĞİŞTİRME ZAMANININ TAYİNİ

2012 yılından itibaren cevher fiyatlarının düşmesi ile birçok madencilik şirketi operasyonlarını durdurma kararı almıştır. İş hayatında kalabilmek için, bazı maden yöneticileri operasyonel maliyetleri düşürme stratejileri araştırmaya başlamıştır. Bir maliyet unsuru olarak önemi göz önüne alındığında, açık ocak madenlerinde delme verimliliğini ve performansını artırmak, önemli ölçüde tasarruf sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir. Verimlilik ve performans kazanımları, delme operasyonunun izlenmesi, izleme verilerinin istatistiksel araçlarla analiz edilmesi ve operasyonel değişkenlerin optimize edilmesiyle gerçekleştirilebilir. Kontrol edilebilir delme parametrelerinin en iyi konfigürasyonunu bulmak, penetrasyon oranını artırmaya ve delici ucu değiştirme süresini optimize etmeye yardımcı olur, böylece daha az delici uç tüketilir. Bu çalışmada, bir tricone delici ucun optimum değiştirme süresi, bir maliyet minimizasyon problemi olarak formüle edilmiş ve bir genetik algoritma (GA) ile çözülmüştür. Önerilen yaklaşımı göstermek için, kontrol edilebilir değişkenlerin delme performansı üzerindeki etkileri deneysel olarak istatistiksel yöntemlerle ölçülmüş ve optimizasyon için kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, önerilen yaklaşımın açık ocak madenlerinde delme uçları için en uygun değiştirme süresini belirlemede kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Açık ocak madenciliği, Delme işlemi, Deney dizaynı, Genetik algoritma, Optimizasyon

DRILL BIT MONITORING AND REPLACEMENT OPTIMIZATION IN OPEN-PIT MINES

Since 2012, low commodity prices have forced many mining companies to suspend or cease operations. To remain in business, some mine managers are exploring strategies to reduce operational costs. Given its importance as a cost element, increasing bench drilling efficiency and performance in open-pit mines has the potential to generate considerable savings. Efficiency and performance gains can be realized by monitoring the drilling operation, analyzing monitoring data with statistical tools and optimizing operational variables. Finding the best configuration of controllable drilling parameters would help to increase penetration rate and optimize drill bit replacement time so that fewer drill bits are consumed. In this paper, the optimal replacement time of a tricone drill bit is formulated as a cost minimization problem and solved by a genetic algorithm (GA). To demonstrate the proposed approach, the effects of controllable variables on drilling performance are experimentally quantified by statistical methods and used for optimization. Results show that the proposed approach can be used to determine the optimal replacement time for drill bits in open-pit mines.

Keywords:

Open-pit mining, Drilling operation, Design of Experiment, Genetic algorithm, Optimization,

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