Buğra ŞAHIN, Gizem CURA ŞAHIN, Banuhan ŞAHİN

COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinin Kadınlardaki Premenstruel Sendrom Üzerine Etkisi

Amaç: Menstrüel siklusun luteal faz sırasında ortaya çıkıp, menstruasyonun başlamasıyla hızla düzelen somatik, bilişsel, duygusal ve davranışsal bozuklukları tanımlamak için premenstrual sendrom (PMS) tanımı kullanılmaktadır. COVID-19 pandemisi ise tıbbi, psikolojik ve sosyal-ekonomik yönleriyle küresel halk sağlığı sorununa neden olan bir kriz durumudur. Bu çalışmada pandemi döneminde kısıtlamalara bağlı olarak psikososyal yönden hassas olan kadınların PMS semptomlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Haziran 2021 ile Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında Turhal Devlet Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniği’ne; 18-50 yaş aralığında olan 187 kadın çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kadınlar son 6 ay içerisinde COVID-19 hastalığı geçiren ve iyileşen 66 kadın ile COVID-19 hastalığı geçirmeyen 121 kadın olmak üzere iki ayrı gruba ayrıldı. Gruplar; yaş, gravida, parite, medeni hal, vücut kitle endeksi (vki), sigara kullanımı, hirsutizm varlığı, oral kontraseptif (oks) kullanımı, emzirme durumu, rahim içi araç (ria) kullanımı, menstrüel düzen ve dismenore varlığı açısından PMS Ölçeği (PMSÖ) kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: COVID-19 pandemisi ile birlikte iştah değişikliği (p=0.004), depresif duygulanım (p=0.002), depresif düşünceler (p=0.001), yorgunluk (p=0,001), anksiyete (p=0.036) ve uyku değişiklikleri (p=0,002) şikayetlerinin COVID-19 hastalığı geçiren grupta, COVID-19 hastalığı geçirmeyen gruba göre belirgin olarak daha yüksek oranda saptandı. Ayrıca menstrüel düzen hali COVID-19 geçirmeyen kadınlarda COVID-19 geçiren kadınlara göre daha yüksek oranda görüldü (p=0,003). Sonuç: PMS şikayetleri arasında yer alan iştah değişikliği, depresif duygulanım, depresif düşünceler, yorgunluk, uyku değişiklikleri ve menstrüel düzensizlik şikayetlerinin COVID-19 geçirenlerde daha yoğun yaşanmaktadır. Bu nedenle COVID-19 pandemisinde kadınların PMS şikayetleri dikkatle dinlenmeli ve bunların geçirilmiş COVID-19 hastalığı ile daha belirgin olabileceği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

The Comparison of the Premenstrual Syndrome Patients with and without COVID-19 History

Aim: The term premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is used to define somatic, cognitive, emotional, and behavioural disorders that emerge during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and rapidly recover with the onset of menstruation. The aim of this study was to investigate PMS symptoms in women who were sensitive psychosocially because of pandemic restrictions. Material and Methods: The study included a total of 187 women aged 18-50 years who presented at the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Turhal State Hospital between June 2021 and August 2021. The women were separated into two groups as 66 who had contracted and recovered from COVID-19 infection within the previous 6 months and 121 who had not had COVID-19 infection. The PMS Scale was applied to all the patients. Results: The rates of complaints of changes in appetite (p=0.004), depressive mood (p=0.002), depressive thoughts (p=0.001), fatigue (p=0.001), changes in sleep (p=0.002), anxiety (p=0.036) and menstrual irregularity (p=0.003) were determined to be statistically significantly higher in the COVID-19 group compared to the group that had not had COVID-19. Conclusion: The PMS complaints of changes in appetite, depressive mood, depressive thoughts, fatigue, changes in sleep, anxiety and menstrual irregularity were experienced more in the women who had had COVID-19. Therefore, the PMS complaints of women during the COVID-19 pandemic should be listened to carefully and it must be taken into consideration that these can be more significant in patients who have contracted COVID-19 infection.

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