Çocukların Barış Algılarının Resimli ve Anlatısal Temsilleri

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocukların barış algılarını çizimler ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın alt amacı sonuçlardan yola çıkarak barış eğitimi konusunda çıkarımlar yapmaktır. Katılımcılar, Karlsruhe / Pforzheim'da bir devlet okulunda okuyan 11-12 yaş arası 22 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Çalışma fenomenolojik araştırma yöntemi ile tasarlanmıştır. Veriler, çizimlerin göstergebilimsel analizi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerin tümevarımsal içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada yapılan çizimler ve röportaj analizi sonucunda barışın anlamı en fazla "pozitif barış" olarak ortaya çıktı. Öğrenciler barış çizimlerinde çoğunlukla barış ikonları, indeksler ve semboller kullansalar da, savaş ikonlarının, indekslerinin ve sembollerinin yaklaşık yarısını da kullandılar. Görüşmelerde barışın anlamı en çok literatürdeki pozitif barışla ilgili en yaygın tema olan "kişilerarası barış", ikincisi "genel sosyal barış" ve en az "doğada barış" olarak tanımlandı. Çocukların yaklaşık yarısı barışı hem çizimlerde hem de müzakerelerde "savaşın olmaması" olarak tanımladı. Barışın anlamı üzerine yapılan görüşmelerde olumsuz barış, çoğunlukla "olumsuz kişiler arası barış", ikinci olarak literatürdeki ortak algıya benzer şekilde "savaşın yokluğu" ve en azından "olumsuz bireysel barış" olarak tanımlandı.

Pictorial and Narrative Representations of Children’s Peace Perceptions

The aim of this study is to reveal children's perceptions of peace through drawings and semi-structured interviews. The second aim of the research is to make inferences about peace education based on the results. Participants consist of 22 students aged 11-12 studying at a public school in Karlsruhe / Pforzheim. The study was designed with phenomenological research method. The data were analyzed by semiotic analysis of the drawings and content analysis of semi-structured interviews. As a result of drawings and interview analysis in the study, the meaning of peace was revealed to be at most "positive peace." Although students mostly used peace icons, indexes and symbols in their peace drawings, they also used about half of the icons, indexes and symbols of war. In the interviews, the meaning of peace was most defined as "interpersonal peace", which is the most common theme related to positive peace in the literature, secondly "general social peace" and least "peace in nature." About half of the children defined peace as "the absence of war" both in drawings and negotiations. In the discussions on the meaning of peace, negative peace was defined mostly as "negative interpersonal peace", secondly, similar to the common perception in the literature, "absence of the war", and least "negative individual peace."

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