Basel III Uygulamaları ve BIST’de İşlem Gören Ticari Bankalar İçin Ampirik Bir Çalışma

Bankacılık sektörü gerek politik gerek akademik ve gerekse toplumsal açıdan eleştirilere maruz kalmaktadır. Ancak diğer sektörlere göre bakıldığında ise yoğun denetim altında bulunan ve belli bir olgunluğa ulaşmış bir sektör olduğunu da belirtmek gerekir. Öte yandan bankalar ekonomi için paranın aktarım mekanizmasının devamlılığını sağlayan, verimli yatırımların finansmanı için önemli araçlardır. Bu bağlamda bankaların sağlıklı bir bilanço yapısına sahip olması, ekonomik anlamda yaşanacak krizlere karşı hazırlıklı olması önem arz etmektedir. Tam bu noktada, Bankalar için düzenleme ve denetleme esaslarının iyi belirlenmesi ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması gerekmektedir. Bankaların etkin denetim mekanizmalarını geliştirebilmek amacıyla uluslararası platformda faaliyet gösteren BSBC, Basel adında bir külliyat yazmıştır. Ayrıca ampirik olarak seçilen 4 banka için bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Makalenin ana amacı hâlihazırda BDDK tarafından belirlenen sisteme ek olarak uygulamaya geçecek Basel III kriterlerinin sektör üzerinde ek sermaye doğuracağının testidir.Banking sector receives negative and positive critics from politically, academically and publicly. However, on the other hand, the sector is highly regulated and mature. Banks are efficient institutions for the economy to meet fund supply and fund demand, to finance efficient investment and so on. It is crucial that, in order to protect against economic shocks, banks should have healthy fiscal status in terms of balance sheet and equity. Hence a good regulation and supervision has important role to monitor bank activities. In order to structure and develop efficient regulation and supervision activities, an international institution called BSBC, has create rule of thumb called Basel Criteria. The aim of this paper is to tell all story about Basel, its cause and effects. Also an applied study for chosen four banks operates in Tukey was made in order to measure additional capital need after Basel III.

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