TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİNDE FİYAT KATILIKLARI

Fiyat belirleme mekanizmasının nasıl işlediği makroekonominin en temel konularından biridir. Konjonktür dalgalanmalarının kaynakları ve aynı zamanda para politikasının ekonomi üzerindeki etkileri, fiyat değişimleri üzerinde gözlenebilir. Eğer fiyatlar yapışkansa (nominal şoklara yavaş tepki veriyorlarsa), merkez bankaları üretilen mal ve hizmetlerin reel miktarını etkileyebilirler. Fiyatların esnek olduğunu öngören Monetarizm ve Yeni Klasik makro ekonomi yaklaşımları aktif makroekonomik politikalara gerek olmadığını söylüyordu. Fiyatların ve ücretlerin katı olduğu varsayımı üzerine inşa edilmiş Yeni Keynesyen iktisat teorisine göre ise para nötr değildir ve parasal genişleme ekonomide reel sonuçlar üretir. Türkiye ekonomisi için hangi yaklaşımın geçerli olduğuna karar verebilmek için bu çalışmada fiyat katılıkları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, ana harcama kalemleri bazında nominal fiyat değişimlerinin homojen dağılıp dağılmadıkları incelenmiş ve geometrik yoğunluk eğrileri, ortalaması medyanı, standart sapması elde edilmiştir. Bu amaçla Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’ndan (TÜİK) temin edilen ve 2005:01-2014:12 dönemini kapsayan 331 maddenin fiyatı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalar matlab ile hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda nominal fiyat katılıklarının düşük olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fiyat katılıkları, Yeni Keynesyen ekonomi, Nominal fiyat değişimi, Türkiye ekonomisi

PRICE RIGIDITY IN TURKISH ECONOMY Yazar/Author

Price setting mechanism is one of the fundamental topics in macroeconomic theory. Causes of business cycles and effects of monetary policy on the economy can be observed with price changes. If prices are rigid (which causes slow response to the nominal shocks), central bank can influence the real quantity of produced goods and services. According to monetarism and new classical economic approaches, prices are flexible and there is no need for macroeconomic policies. On the other hand, New Keynesian economic theory is built on the assumption that prices and wages are sticky. Therefore, money is not neutral and monetary expansion results in real effects in an economy. In this paper we investigate the price rigidities in Turkey. Also, we investigate if the nominal changes are distributed homogeneously or not on the basis of main expenditure items and geometric density curves, average, median and standard deviation of price changes were obtained. For these purposes we used price of the 331 goods in 2005: 01-2014:12 period obtained from Turkey Statistical Institute (TUIK). The calculations are done by matlab. According to our results price rigidity is low in Turkey

Keywords:

Price rigidity, New Keynesian economy, Nominal price changes, Economy of Turkey,

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