Aile Hekimlerinin Anafilaksi Teşhisi ve Tedavisine İlişkin Hazırlık ve Bilgi Düzeyleri

Amaç: Anafilaksi hekimler tarafından yeterince tanınmamakta ve tedavi edilmemektedir. Bu da hekimlerdeki kritik bilgi boşluklarını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, sağlık sisteminde birinci basamakta hizmet eden aile hekimlerinin (AH) anafilaksi bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmeyi ve bilgi düzeylerine etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Gönüllüler arasında internet tabanlı Google Formlar anketi kullanılarak Sivas, Türkiye’deki AH’ler üzerinde kesitsel bir çalışma yapıldı. Yaş, meslekte çalışma yılı ve kariyer durumu dahil olmak üzere demografik özellikler, ve çocuklarda anafilaksinin teşhisi ve yönetimi ile ilgili bilgileri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ankete toplam 140 AH’i katılmıştır (34 [%24.3] pratisyen hekim [PH], 20 [%14.3] sözleşmeli aile hekimi [SAH], 74 [%52.9] asistan ve 12 [%8.6] uzman). Tanı, akut tedavi ve epinefrin oto-enjektör kullanımına ilişkin tüm soruları doğru cevaplayanların sayısı sırasıyla 11 (%7.9), 52 (%37.4) ve 27 (%19.3) idi. Anafilaksi tanısında 100 (%72,5) katılımcı, anafilaksinin cilt belirtileri olmadan da oluşabileceğinin farkında değildi ve sadece 48 (%34.8) katılımcı, gastrointestinal semptomları olası bir anafilaksi sunumu olarak tanımladı. Asistanlar (11, %14.9) ve uzmanlar (2, %16.7) ankette daha iyi performans gösterdi ve tüm soruları doğru yanıtlayan katılımcıların oranı PH' lere (%2, %5.9) ve SAH' lere (%1, %5.0) kıyasla daha yüksekti. Geçen yıl bir eğitim faaliyetine katılım, tüm anket maddelerini doğru yanıtlamayla ilişkili tek bağımsız faktördü. Sonuç: Kariyer durumu ve iş deneyimlerine bakılmaksızın tüm aile hekimleri arasında anafilaksi tanıma ve yönetimini iyileştirmeye ihtiyaç vardır. Bu da her yıl düzenli ve güncellenmiş eğitimsel aktivitelere katılımın sağlanmasıyla olur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

aile hekimleri, anafilaksi, bilgi düzeyi, tanı, tedavi

Preparedness and Knowledge Level of Family Physicians Regarding Anaphylaxis Diagnosis and Management

Objective: Anaphylaxis is under-recognized and undertreated by physicians, indicating critical knowledge gaps. This study aimed to assess the knowledge levels of anaphylaxis among family physicians (FPs) as they are the primary first-line healthcare providers and identify the factors influencing their knowledge levels. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study using an internet-based Google Forms questionnaire was conducted among voluntary FPs in Sivas, Turkey. Demographic features, including age, years in practice, and career position, and knowledge related to the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in children were assessed. Results: A total of 140 FPs participated in the survey (34 [24.3%] general practitioners [GPs], 20 [14.3%] contracted family physicians [CFPs], 74 [52.9%] residents in training [RITs], and 12 [8.6%] specialists). The number of participants who correctly answered all questions regarding diagnosis, acute treatment, and epinephrine auto-injector use was 11 (7.9%), 52 (37.4%), and 27 (19.3%), respectively. In diagnosing anaphylaxis, 100 (72.5%) participants were unaware that anaphylaxis can occur without skin manifestations, and only 48 (34.8%) identified gastrointestinal symptoms as a possible anaphylaxis presentation. RITs (11, 14.9%) and specialists (2, 16.7%) had better performance on the questionnaire, with higher proportions of participants who answered all questions correctly, compared to GPs (2, 5.9%) and CFPs (1, 5.0%). Attendance at an educational activity in the last year was the only independent factor associated with answering all questionnaire items correctly. Conclusion: There is a need to improve anaphylaxis recognition and management among all FPs regardless of their career position and work experience, underlining the importance of regular and updated educational interventions

Keywords:

family physicians, anaphylaxis, knowledge, diagnosis, management,

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