Alkol ve eroin bağımlılarının ailelerindeki psikososyal ve ekonomik zorlukların araştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışmada alkol ve eroin bağımlılarının yaşadıkları sorunları, ailelerinde oluşturdukları psikososyal ve ekonomik yükü, ailelerin bağımlılara karşı olan tutum ve davranışları ile bağımlılıkla baş etme yolları hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri incelenerek iki grubun karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.' Yöntem: DSMIV'e göre tanıları konulan 40 alkol Ve 40 eroin bağımlısından oluşan hasta grubu ile bu hastaların yakınlarından oluşan 40 kişilik alkol ve 40 kişilik eroin bağımlısı yakını alınarak, kişilere sosyodemografik veri formu, Michigan Alkolizm Tarama Testi- MATT ve Aile Yüklenme Düzeyini Değerlendirme Ölçeği AYDDÖ uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Alkol bağımlılığının (ort=34.6±6.9), eroin bağımlılığına (ort=22.9±4.8) göre daha ileri yaşlarda başladığı görülmüştür (p

A research about psychosocial and economic burdens in the families of alcohol and heroin addicts

Objective: In this research, the relation between duration and level of addiction and the psychological problems experienced related to drug and alcohol usage is studied. Additionally, the objective is to compare groups of alcohol and drug addicts by studying psychosocial and economic burden on their families, the reactions and behaviors of family members to them, the development path of their addiction, and their level of knowledge about how to fight against addiction and get cured. Method: The experiment group consists of 40 alcohol addicts identified as "Alcohol Addict" according to DSM-IV diagnostic rules and 40 members of their relatives and also 40 heroin addicts identified as "Heroin Addict" according to DSM-IV diagnostic rules and 40 members of their relatives as well, summing up to total 80 addicts and 80 members of addicts' relatives. Demographic data form, Michigan Alcoholism Screen Test-MAST and Questionnaire For Family Burden-QFB are applied to experiment group. Results: It is observed that alcohol addiction starts later than heroin addiction and alcohol addicts refer to clinics more lately than heroin addicts for medication (year mean=34.6+6.9 and 22.9+4.8, t=8.66, pO.OOl). Comparing to the alcohol addicts, heroin addicts do not have a regular job (x2=23.16, pO.OOl) and social insurance (x2=23.900, pO.OOl). Due to longer penitentiary experience (x2=17.28, pO.OOl), more frequent suicidal attempts (x2=5.95, p< 0.05) and show more harmful behaviors (x2=14.90, pO.OOl) to themselves than alcohol addicts and it is observed that it increases the psychosocial and economic load of heroin addicts on their families more than alcohol addiction case (t=2.71, pO.Ol). Conclusion: It is observed that heroin addiction cause more psychosocial and economic load on both family and society than alcohol addiction. We can conclude that the burden and pressure on family members will alleviate, therefore, the rehabilitation of addicts will be sustained within family environment as well if families get informed sufficiently about addiction during the ongoing process of medication.

PDF

___

1- Glatt M. Alcoholism: A Social Disease. London: Teach Yourself Books. 2nd edition, 1975, s.128-132.
2- Köknel Ö.Genel ve Klinik Psikiyatri. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, 1989, s.193-194.
3- Schuckit MA. Alcohol and alcoholism. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 2nd edition. Wilson JD, Braunwald E (Editörler). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991, s.2146-2151.
4- Schuckit MA. Alcohol-releated disorders. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, First edition. Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ (Editörler). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins,1995, s.775- 791.
5- Gelder M, Gath D, Mayou R. The Abuse of Alcohol and Drugs. Newyork: Oxford University Press Inc., 1996, s.438-481.
6- Harper C, Kril J. Neuropathology of alcoholism. Alcohol Alcohol 1990; 25: 207-216.
7- Hodgson R. Treatment of alcohol problems. Addiction 1994; 11: 1559-1534.
8- Zimberg S. Individual Management and Psychotherapy. Washington DC: A Task Force Report of The APA, 1989, 1103-1111.
9- Arıkan Z, Coşar B, Işık A. Alkol madde bağımlılığı. Yarıkentsel bir bölgede alkolizm prevelansı. Kriz Dergisi, III. Psikiyatri Sempozyumu Özel Sayısı 1996; 4: 93-100.
10-Türkcan A. Türkiye'de alkol kullanımı ve madde bağımlılığının yaygınlığı üzerine bir gözden geçirme. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 1999; 10:310-318.
11-Fadden G, Bebbington B, Kuipers L. The burden of care: the impact of functional psychiatric illness on the patient's family. Br J Psychiatry 1987; 150: 285-292.
12- Schene HA. Objective and subjective dimensions of family burden. Soc Psychiatr Psychiatr Epidemiol 1990; 25: 289-297.
13- Bebbington B, Fadden G, Kuipers L. Caring and its burdens : a study of the spouse of depressed patient. Br J Psychiatry 1987; 150: 660-667.
14-Platt S. Measuring the burden of psychiatric illness on the family. An evalution of some rating scales. Psychol Med 1985;15: 383-393.
15-Atkinson JM, Coia DA. Families coping with schizophrenia. Chichester: John Willey & Sons, 1995, s.213-218.
16-Gopinath PS, Chaturvedi SK. Distressing be¬haviour schizophrenics at home. Acta Psychi¬atr Scand 1992; 86: 185-188.
17-Potazsnik H, Nelson G. Stress and social sup¬port: the burden experienced by the family of a mental ill person. Am J Comunity Psychol 1984;12: 1321-1325.
18-Rose EL. Families psychiatric patient. A cri¬tical review and future research directions. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 1996; 10: 67-76.
19-Gibbons JS. Schizophrenic patients and their families. Br J Psychiatry 1984; 144:70-77.
20-Özden S. Uyuşturucu Madde Bağımlılığı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 1992, s. 21-100.
21-Prott OE, Tucker MM. Aproaches to the alcohol problem in the workplace, Alcohol Alcohol 1989; 24: 453-464.
22-Romelsjo A, Rossow I. Alcohol abuse and suicidal behaviour in young and middle aged men: differentiating between attempted. Ad¬diction 1999; 94: 1199-1208.
23-Uluğ B. Madde kullanımı ile ilişkili bozuk¬luklar. Psikiyatri Temel Kitabı. 1. Baskı, l.Cilt. Güleç C, Köroğlu E (editörler). Anka¬ra: Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Medicographics Baskı, 1997, s.299-320.
24-Ünal M, Özpoyraz P. Alkol kullanımı ile ilişkili bozukluklar. Psikiyatri Temel Kitabı, 1.Baskı, l.Cilt. Güleç C, Köroğlu E (editör¬ler). Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği, Medi¬cographics Baskı, 1997, s. 265-298.
25- Gibbs LE. Validity and reliabilty of The Mic¬higan Alcoholism Screening Test: a review. Drug Alcohol Depend 1983;12:279-285.

ISSN: 1302-5570
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2000
Yayıncı: Galenos Yayınevi

Arşiv