___

• Referans1. Tarantili VV, Halazonetis DJ, Spyropoulos MN. The spontaneous smile in dynamic motion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005:128: 8-15.
• Referans2. Tjan AH, Miller GD, The JG. Some esthetic factors in a smile. J Prosthet Dent 1984;51(1):24–28.
• Referans3. Durgekar SG, Nagaraj K, Naik V. The ideal smile and its orthodontic implications. . World J Orthod 2010;11(3):211-20.
• Referans4. Sabri R. The eight components of a balanced smile. J Clin Orthod 2005;39:155-167; quiz 154.
• Referans5. Zachrisson BU. Esthetic factors involved in anterior tooth display and the smile: vertical dimension. J Clin Orthod 1998;32:432–445.
• Referans6. Peck H, Peck S. A Concept of Facial Esthetics. Angle Orthod 1970;40:284-318.
• Referans7. Kavuran T, Dede B. Platon ve Aristoteles’in Sanat Etiği, Estetik Kavramı ve Yansımaları. Sanat Dergisi 2014;0(23):47-64 .
• Referans8. Baud CV. Harmonie der Gesichtszüge. Eine Studie über Schönheit, kosmetische Gesichtschirurgie und Mienenspiegel. Basel, Switzerland: S Karger 1982:5–25.
• Referans9. Lombardi RE. The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics. J Prosth Dent 1973;29:358-82.
• Referans10. Levin EI. Dental esthetics and the golden proportion. J Prosthet Dent 1978;40(3):244-52.
• Referans11. Ricketts RM. Facial art, the divine proportion and the science of esthetics. In: Ricketts RM. Ed. Provocations and Perceptions in Craniofacial Orthopedics, Vol 1. Boulder, CO: RMO 1989:149–202.
• Referans12. Dion K, Berscheid E, Walster E. What is beautiful is good. J Pers Soc Psychol 1972;24:285–90.
• Referans13. Stevenage SV, Mckay Y. Model applicants: The effect of facial appearance on recruitment decisions. Br J Psychol 1999;90:221–34.
• Referans14. Langlois JH, Ritter JM, Roggman LA, Vaughn LS. Facial diversity and infant preferences for attractive faces. Dev Psychol 1991;27:79–84 .
• Referans15. Sharma PK, Sharma P. Dental smile esthetics: assessment and creation of the ideal smile. Semin Orthod 2012;18:193-201 .
• Referans16. McComb JL, Wright JL, Fox NA, O’Brien KD. Perceptions of the risks and benefits of orthodontic treatment. Community Dental Health 1996;13:133–8.
• Referans17. Ackerman MB, Ackerman JL. Smile analysis and design in the digital era. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics 2002;36:221–236 .
• Referans18. Shaw WC. The influence of children’s dentofacial appearance on their social attractiveness as judged by peers and lay persons. Am J Orthod 1981;79:399–415 .
• Referans19. Kokich V. Esthetics and anterior tooth position: an orthodontic perspective. Part 1: crown length. J Esthet Dent 1993;5:19-23.
• Referans20. Sarver DM. Principles of cosmetic dentistry in orthodontics: part 1. Shape and proportionality of anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;126:749-53.
• Referans21. Roden-Johnson D, Gallerano R, English J. The effects of buccal corridor spaces and arch form on smile esthetics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005;127:343-50 .
• Referans22. Suzuki L, Machado AW, Bittencourt MAV. Perceptions of gingival display aesthetics among orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons and laypersons. Rev Odonto Cienc 2009;24:367-71.
• Referans23. Correa BD, Bittencourt MAV, Machado AW. Influence of maxillary canine gingival margin asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014;145(1):55- 63 .
• Referans24. van der Geld P, Oosterveld P, van Heck G, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. Smile attractiveness: self-perception and influence on personality. Angle Orthod 2007;77(5):759-765 .
• Referans25. Krishnan V, Daniel ST, Lazar D, Asok A. Characterization of posed smile by using visual analog scale, smile arc, buccal corridor measures, and modified smile index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008;133:515-23 .
• Referans26. Springer NC, Chang C, Fields HW, et al. Smile esthetics from the layperson’s perspective. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011;139(1):e91-e101 .
• Referans27. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. The gingival smile line. Angle Orthod 1992;62:91-100 .
• Referans28. Sarver DM, Ackerman JL. Orthodontics about face: the re-emergence of the esthetic paradigm. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000;117(5):575–6.
• Referans29. Morley J, Eubank J. Macroesthetic elements of smile design. J Am Dent Assoc 2001;132:39-45 .
• Referans30. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary Orthodontics. 4th ed. Mosby; 2007.
• Referans31. Hulsey CM. An esthetic evaluation of lip-teeth relationships present in the smile. Am J Orthod 1970;57:132-44.
• Referans32. Mackley RJ. An evaluation of smiles before and after orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 1993;63:183-90 .
• Referans33. Vig RG, Brundo GC. The kinetics of anterior tooth display. J Prosth Dent 1978;39:502-4.
• Referans34. Kim HS, Jin TH, Dong JK. A study on the relation between lip and teeth at smile in old aged Korean. J Kor Dent Assoc 1998;31:533-41 .
• Referans35. Peck S, Peck L. Selected aspects of the art and science of facial esthetic. Semin Orthod 1995;1:105- 26 .
• Referans36. Ackerman JL, Ackerman MB, Brensinger CM, Landis JR. A morphometric analysis of the posed smile. Clin Orthod Res 1998;1:2-11 .
• Referans37. Sarver DM, Ackerman MB. Dynamic smile visualization and quantification: Part 2. Smile analysis and treatment strategies. Am J Orthod 2003;124:116-27 .
• Referans38. Sarver DM. The importance of incisor positioning in the esthetic smile: the smile arc. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;120: 98-111 .
• Referans39. Dong JK, Jin TH, Cho HW, Oh SC. The esthetics of the smile: A review of some recent studies. Int J Prosthod 1999;12:9-19 .
• Referans40. Singh S, Singla L, Anand T. Esthetic Considerations in Orthodontics: An Overview. Dent J Adv Stud 2021;9:55–60.
• Referans41. Kokich VO, Kiyak HA, Shapiro PA. Comparing the perceptions of dentist and lay people to altered dental esthetics. J Esthet Dent. 1999;11:311-324.
• Referans42. Reyneke CP, Ferretti C. Clinical Assessment of the Face. Semin Orthod 2012;18:172-186.
• Referans43. Rigsbee OH 3rd, Sperry TP, BeGole EA. The influence of facial animation on smile characteristics. Int J Adult Orthod Orthog Surg 1988;3:233-9.
• Referans44. Garber DA, Salama MA. The aesthetic smile: Diagnosis and treatment. Periodontol 2000. 1996;11:18-28 .
• Referans45. Frush JP, Fisher RD. The dynesthetic interpretation of the dentogenic concept. J Prosthet Dent 1958;8(4):558–581.
• Referans46. Graber TM, Vanarasdall RL, Vig KW. Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques. 4ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Year Book; 2005. p. 46-47.
• Referans47. Bhuvaneswaran M. Principles of smile design. J Conserv Dent 2010;13:225-32 .
• Referans48. Youn IS, Lee KH, Hwang HS. Classification of facial asymmetry by cluster analysis. J Korean Dent Assoc 2001;39:765-73.
• Referans49. Benson KJ, Laskin DM. Upper lip asymmetry in adults during smiling. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001;59:396-8.
• Referans50. Benedetto AV. Asymmetrical smiles corrected by botulinum toxin serotype A. Dermatol Surg 2007;33:32-6.