Yakıt Hücreli Araçlarda Enerji Yönetim Stratejileri ve Optimizasyon Hedeflerinin İncelenmesi

Günümüzde enerji kullanımı çerçevesinde çevre kirliliği ön plana çıkmaktadır. Enerji kullanımı esnasında meydana gelen ve ekosisteme zarar veren bu kirlilikler, fosil yakıtların kullanımı oluşmaktadır. Çevre kirliliğinin sebepleri incelendiğinde; fosil yakıt kullanan içten yanmalı motorlu araçlardan kaynaklı emisyon gazlarının etkisinin önemli düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, enerjinin verimli kullanımı ve çevresel faktörler dikkate alındığında yakıt hücreli elektrikli araçlar giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. İçten yanmalı motorlu araçlar kadar hızlı ivmelenme beklentisinden dolayı bu araçlarda yakıt hücreleri batarya ve süperkapasitör ile birlikte kullanılmaktadır. Ancak bu araçlarda farklı güç kaynaklarının birlikte kullanımı ile karmaşık güç akışını yönetmek için enerji yönetim sistemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Enerji yönetimi stratejileri ise maksimum verim koşulları dikkate alınarak optimizasyon hedeflerine göre belirlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yakıt hücreli araçların farklı enerji yönetim stratejileri incelenmiş olup; enerji yönetim sistemleri belirlenen üç hedef açısından detaylı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucu elde edilen bulgular, enerji yönetim sistemleri ve optimizasyon çalışmalarını konu alan bilimsel ve sektörel faaliyetler için önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

yakıt hücreli araçlar, enerji yönetim sistemleri, optimizasyon hedefleri, yakıt hücresi, batarya

Investigation of Energy Management Strategies and Optimization Targets in Fuel Cell Vehicles

Today, environmental pollution comes to the fore in the framework of energy use. These pollutions, which occur during the use of energy and harm the ecosystem, are caused by the use of fossil fuels. When the causes of environmental pollution are examined; It is seen that the effect of emission gases originating from internal combustion engine vehicles using fossil fuels is at a significant level. For this reason, fuel cell electric vehicles are becoming increasingly common, considering the efficient use of energy and environmental factors. Due to the expectation of acceleration as fast as internal combustion engine vehicles, fuel cells are used with batteries and supercapacitors in these vehicles. However, energy management systems are needed to manage complex power flow with the use of different power sources together in these vehicles. Energy management strategies, on the other hand, are determined according to optimization targets, taking into account the maximum efficiency conditions. In this study, different energy management strategies of fuel cell vehicles have been examined; energy management systems were evaluated in detail in terms of three objectives. The findings obtained as a result of the study are important for scientific and sectoral activities on energy management systems and optimization studies.

Keywords:

fuel cell vehicles, energy management systems, optimization targets, battery,

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