Bazı Vitaminlerin Bağışıklık Sistemi ve Covid-19 Tedavisindeki Etkisi

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), şiddetli akut solunum sendromuna (ARDS) neden olan koronavirüs hastalığını (Covid-19) küresel birsalgın olarak ilan etmiştir. Bağışıklık sisteminin korunmasına yardımcı olan dengeli beslenme, viral enfeksiyonların önlenmesi vetedavisi için gereklidir. Enfeksiyon riskini azaltmak ve bağışıklık sistemini desteklemek için anti-inflamatuvar özelliklere sahip bazıvitaminlerin (A, C, E ve B12) anahtar rolleri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu derlemede, Covid-19 tedavisinde bağışıklık sisteminigüçlendirmek ve oksidatif stresi azaltmak için A vitamini, C vitamini, E vitamini ve B12 vitamininin etkilerine bakılmıştır. Yüksekanti-inflamatuvar ve antioksidan kapasiteye sahip ve immünomodülatör olarak görev alan bileşenler arasında A, C, E ve B12 vitaminibulunmaktadır. Bu vitaminlerin, antioksidan etkilere bağlı olarak NF-kB ve Nrf2 gibi transkripsiyon faktörlerle etkileşimegirebilmektedir. Ayrıca, solunum epitelyumunun ciddi enfeksiyonu, sitokin fırtınası yaratarak ARDS’ye yol açabilir ve bu durum,Covid-19 hastalarında da görülmektedir. Şu anda, Covid-19 hastalığını tedavi eden aşı henüz bulunmamıştır. Bu salgın süresince, anti mikrobiyal özelliklere sahip vitaminlerin Covid-19 tedavisinde potansiyel rolü olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Ancak, koronavirüsenfeksiyonunda beslenme ile ilgili veriler yetersiz olduğundan daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

The Effects of Some Vitamins in the Immune System and Covid-19 Treatment

World Health Organization (WHO) declared that coronavirus disease causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) and as aglobal epidemic. Balanced nutrition, which is essential for the prevention and treatment of viral infections, helps to protect theimmune system. Some vitamins with anti-inflammatory properties have been shown to play a key role in reducing the risk of infectionand supporting the immune system. In this review, the effects of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B12 were investigatedto strengthen the immune system and reduce oxidative stress in the treatment of Covid-19. Vitamins A, C, E and B12 have high anti inflammatory and antioxidant capacity and act as immunomodulators. Many of these can interact with transcription factors such asNF-kB and Nrf2 due to antioxidant effects. In addition, severe infection of the respiratory epithelium can cause ARDS by creating acytokine storm, which is also seen in patients with Covid-19. Currently, the vaccine that treats Covid-19 disease has not yet beenfound. Until an effective treatment was found, vitamins with anti-microbial properties were thought to have a potential role in thetreatment of Covid-19. However, more data are needed because nutritional data are insufficient in coronavirus infection.

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