DÜNYADA VE TÜRKİYE'DE ÖTANAZİYE YASAL YAKLAŞIM

Bu çalışmada açık kaynaklardan, uluslararası ve Türk yargı karalarından elde edilen veriler analiz edilerek, hasta hakları açısından ötanaziye nasıl yaklaşıldığı incelenmiştir. Kavramsal olarak ötanazi, ölümün yakın ve kaçınılmaz olduğu ve tıp biliminin verilerine göre iyileşme olanağı olmayan acılar içindeki bir kişinin, tıbbi yollarla öldürülmesidir. Ya da tıbbi yardım kesilerek ölüme terk edilmesidir. TDK ötanaziyi ’’ölme hakkı’’ olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ötanazi kişinin yaşam hakkından vazgeçme talebidir. Türk hukuk sistemine göre, kişinin vücudu üzerinde tasarruf yetkisi bulunmamaktadır (AY md 17). Ancak hastanın yaşadığı ızdırabın sona erdirilmesi için özerklik ve geleceğiyle ilgili karar verme hakkı çerçevesinde, hekimden yardım talebinde bulunma hakkı bulunmaktadır. Bu hak temel insan hakları dikkate alınarak sağlık hukuku bakımından daha da genişletilmelidir. Aksi halde hasta, hastalığın neden olduğu ağrı ve acıya yaşamının sonuna kadar katlanmak zorunda kalacaktır. Çalışma konusunun sağlık hukukunu ilgilendirmesi nedeniyle, hastanın yaşamının sonuna karar verme hakkının hukuki güvenceye kavuşturulması çalışmalarına katkı sunması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hasta, Hekim, Hasta Hakları, Ötanazi, Özerklik, Patient, Physician, Patient Rights, Euthanasia, Autonomy

LEGAL APPROACH TO EUTHANASIA IN TURKEY AND THE WORLD

In this study, the data obtained from open sources, international and Turkish judicial decisions were analyzed and how euthanasia was approached in terms of patient rights was examined. Conceptually, euthanasia is the medical killing of a person in pain, where death is imminent and inevitable, and according to medical science, there is no cure. Or medical aid is cut off and left to die. TDK defined euthanasia as "the right to die". Euthanasia is a request to give up one's right to life. According to the Turkish legal system, a person has no authority to dispose of his body (AY art. 17). However, the patient has the right to seek help from the physician within the framework of his autonomy and right to decide about his future in order to end his suffering. This right should be further expanded in terms of health law, taking into account basic human rights. Otherwise, the patient will have to endure the pain and suffering caused by the disease for the rest of his life. Due to the fact that the subject of the study concerns health law, it is aimed to contribute to the studies of legal assurance of the right of the patient to decide on the end of his life.

Keywords:

Patient, Physician, Patient Rights, Euthanasia, Autonomy,

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