Hemşirelik Öğrencilerine Çocukluk Çağı Aşı Uygulamalarına Yönelik Verilen Eğitimin Etkinliği: Retrospektif Bir Çalışma

Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukluk çağı aşı uygulamaları konusunda verilen eğitimin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocukluk çağı aşı uygulamaları bilgi düzeyine etkisini incelemektir. Retrospektif tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türde planlanan bu araştırmanın evrenini, Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik bölümünde Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği dersi alan 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin “Çocukluk Çağı Aşı Uygulamaları Bilgi Formları” oluşturmuştur (N=168). Eksiksiz/hatasız doldurulmuş 158 formun incelenmesiyle çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, frekans analizi ve Ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada öğrencilerin eğitim öncesinde aşılamaya ilişkin genel yargılar arasında en düşük doğru cevap oranı “Türkiye'de aşı takvimine en son eklenen aşı suçiçeği aşısıdır (%27.8) yargısı, çocukluk çağı aşılamasına ilişkin yargılar arasında en düşük doğru cevap oranı “aşıları tamamlanamamış çocuklarda önceki aşı dozlarının tekrar yapılmasına gerek yoktur (%27.2)” yargısı ve aşılamada kontraendikasyon kabul edilmeyen durumlara ilişkin yargılar arasında en düşük doğru cevap oranı “özgül olmayan alerji öyküsü olması durumunda aşılama yapılabilir (%38.6) yargısı olmuştur. Eğitim öncesi ve sonrasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p<0.01). Öğrenciler çocukluk çağı aşıları konusunda yetersiz bilgiye sahiptir. Eğitim müdahalesi bilgi düzeyini artırmada etkili olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

aşı, bilgi, hemşirelik, öğrenciler

The Effectiveness of The Education Given to Nursing Students on Childhood Vaccine Applications: A Retrospective Study

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of education on childhood vaccination practices on the knowledge level of nursing students. In this retrospective descriptive and cross-sectional study, “Childhood Vaccine Applications Information Forms” of Nursing students of a university in Turkey were used (N=168). The study was completed by examining 158 forms that were filled in completely/without errors. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and Chi-square test were used in the analysis of the data. In the study, the lowest correct answer rate among the general judgments of the students regarding the vaccination before the education was “The last vaccine added to the vaccination calendar in Turkey is the varicella vaccine (27.8%). Among the judgments regarding childhood vaccination, the lowest correct answer rate is the judgment that "There is no need to repeat the previous vaccination doses in children whose vaccinations have not been completed (27.2%)". Among the judgments regarding the situations that are not considered as contraindications for vaccination, the lowest correct response rate was the judgment of “vaccination can be done in case of non-specific allergy history (38.6%). The difference before and after the training was statistically significant (p<0.01). Students have insufficient knowledge about childhood vaccines. The educational intervention has been effective in increasing the level of knowledge.

Keywords:

vaccination, knowledge, nursing, students,

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