Regional integration, economic growth and convergence in sup-saharan africa: A case study of the east africa community

İlk Doğu Afrika Topluluğu 1977 yılında ülkeler arası siyasi karışıklıklar, dengesiz gelir dağılımı ve üye ülkelerin makroekonomik performanslarındaki farklılık gibi nedenlerden dolayı dağılmıştı. Bu tarihten beri gelir dağılımı ve üye ülkeler arasındaki makroekonomik performansı birbirine yakınlaştırmak, ekonomik büyümeyi sağlamak ve sosyal uyumu oluşturmak ulaşılması zor bir hedef ve mücadele konusu olmuştu. Ciddi bir politik iyi niyetle, Doğu Afrika Birliği dâhilinde bölgesel entegrasyonu hızlandırma gayretlerine, kişi başına düşen geliri artırma ve makroekonomik yakınlaşma gibi planlanmış hedeflere ilişkin yapılmış çalışmalara rağmen, yeni Doğu Afrika Birliğindeki politik karar oluşturanlara rehberlik yapması açısından çok daha fazla sayıda kapsamlı araştırmalara ihtiyaç hissedilmektedir. Bu uygulamalı çalışma Doğu Afrika Ülkelerindeki bu açığı kapatmak amacıyla yapılmış bir çalışmadır. Yeni Doğu Afrika Birliğinin oluşumu uluslararası ve bölgesel ticari aktivitelere yönelik yapılmış bir hükümet müdahalesi ve bölgesel ekonomilere bir şok olduğu için bu müdahalenin etkilerini ölçmede en uygun ekonometrik yöntem ise zaman serisi analizidir. Bu teknik yöntemin uygulandığı çalışma şunu göstermiştir ki, Doğu Afrika Ülkeleri ekonomileri bir dereceye kadar yakınlaşmakta ve birbirine yakın ve ortak bir trende doğru hareket etmektedirler. Ekonometrik testler özellikle kişi başına düşen Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hâsılada (GSYİH) tam bir yakınlaşma olduğunu göstermiştir.

Sahra altı Afrika’da bölgesel entegrasyon, ekonomik büyüme ve yakınsama kriteri: Doğu Afrika birliği üzerine bir vaka çalışması

The old East Africa Community collapsed in 1977, partly because of political tensions, the unequal distribution of incomes and divergent macroeconomic performance between member states. Since then, achieving income convergence among member states remained a significant challenge for economic development and social cohesion within the Community. Despite considerable political goodwill and efforts to speed up the regional integration process within the East Africa Community and to achieve convergence in per capita income and macroeconomic convergence in the short-term, much more research remains crucial in order to guide policymakers for the new East Africa Community. This empirical study is mainly motivated by the need for well-researched empirical evidence to guide policymakers in East African countries in their ambitious programme to achieve Gross Domestic Product per capita (hereafter GDPPC) convergence in the region. Since the new East Africa Community is considered as government intervention in international/regional trade activities, and therefore as a shock to the regional economies, time series econometrics is the most appropriate methodology for measuring its impacts in the short term and long-term. The overall observations indicate that the East Africa Countries were converging to some extent and they are moving towards a common trend. In particular, the results from the unit roots and cointegration tests show a complete convergence in GDPPC.

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