SCHROTH METODU: ADOLESAN İDİOPATİK SKOLYOZDA KANITA DAYALI UYGULAMALAR

Skolyoz, omurganın sagital ve frontal düzlemlerindeki farklılaşma ve omurganın 10 dereceden fazla eğilmesiyle kendini gösteren üç boyutlu bir anomalidir. Skolyoz, vertebraya ait yapısal problemler, nöromusküler problemler, ekstremite boy farkı gibi sebeplerle de meydana gelebilir fakat skolyozun büyük çoğunluğu (>%80) idiopatiktir. Bireyin idiyopatik skolyoz tanısı alması için ilk olarak skolyoza neden olabilen diğer muhtemel sebeplerin ekarte edilmesi gerekir. Skolyozun tedavi seçeneklerinde sıklıkla kullanılan yöntemlerden biri egzersizdir. Skolyoz Ortopedi ve Rehabilitasyon Tedavisi Derneğince skolyoza özgü egzersiz çeşitleri “Skolyoza Özel Fizyoterapi Egzersizleri” adı altında tanımlanır. Katharina Schroth tarafından geliştirilen Schroth metodu, 1921 yılından itibaren en yaygın şekilde uygulanan egzersiz tekniğidir. Bu egzersizlere 3 boyutlu denilmesinin sebebi tedavinin sagital, frontal ve horizontal düzlemlerde yapılan egzersizleri aynı anda içeriyor olmasıdır. Schroth egzersiz programı; özel solunum yöntemleri ile proprioseptif uyarıları ve sagital planda görsel geribildirim denetimini kullanarak gerçekleştirilen postür düzeltmelerinden oluşmaktadır. Literatürde, Schroth yönteminin idiopatik skolyozda Cobb açısında azalma ve hayat kalitesini iyileştirmede seviye II düzeyinde bilimsel kanıtları mevcuttur. Bu derleme makalede Schroth metodunun idiyopatik skolyozlu hastalar üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi, hastalar üzerinde çeşitli parametrelerdeki değişiklikler incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İdiopatik Skolyoz, Schroth, Fizyoterapi, Skolyoz, Egzersiz

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Başlangıç: 2021
Yayıncı: İSTANBUL ATLAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ

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