NERİK VE HAKMİŠ HAKKINDA*

Nerik ile Hakmiš, Hitit devletinin kuzey bölgesi yerleşim yerleri arasında en önemli statüye sahip kentler arasındadır. Özellikle Nerik ve Hakmiš’in bulunduğu bölgelerde, Kaška kabile toplulukları ile etkin bir mücadele sürdürmeye çalışan Hititler'in uzun yıllar çok da başarılı olamadığı metinlerde yer alan bilgilerde görülebilmektedir. Uzun bir dönem Hitit otoritesinden uzak kalan Nerik kenti, özellikle III.Hattušili'nin bölgede uyguladığı farklı politikalar ve uygulamalar ile Hitit siyasi tarihinde önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir. III.Hattušili başta Nerik ve Hakmiš olmak üzere bölgedeki birçok kenti imparatorluk için yarar sağlayacak noktaya getirmiştir. Hakmiš kenti ise idare merkezi konumundadır ve Nerik kenti, Kaškalar'ın eline geçtiğinde, onun kültüHakmiš'e taşınarak uzun süre geçici bir kült merkezi olmuştur. Hakmiš'te yerel bir krallık geleneğinin sürdürülmüş olmasının temelinde kuşkusuz onun bölgeye hakim jeopolitik konumu etkili olmuştur. Yaklaşık 350 yıl Kaška işgali ile, Hititler tarafından terk edilmek zorunda kalınan Nerik, imparatorluk döneminde III.Hattušili'nin bölgede uyguladığı hem askeri hem de barışçıl politikalar sonucu tekrar Hititler'in eline geçmiştir. Nerik ve Hakmiš'in bulunduğu bölgelerde hakimiyet sorunlarının çözümü ise, imparatorluğun Anadolu, Kuzey Suriye ve Mısır politikalarını etkileyen en önemli unsurları arasında yer almıştır. Bu araştırmada her iki kentin Hitit tarihindeki statüleri ile önemlerine açıklık getirilmek istenmiştir.

About Nerik and Hakmiš

Nerik and Hakmiš were among the most important cities in the northern part of the Hittite homeland. Especially in the region where Nerik and Hakmiš are present, Hittites who tried to maintain an active struggle with the Kaška tribal communities had not been successful for many years, it can be seen in the information contained in the text. The city of Nerik, which had been away from the Hittite authority for a long time, played an important role in the history of the Hittites, especially with the different policies and practices implemented by the Hattušili III in the region. Hattušili III had brought many cities in the region to the point where they are useful for the empire, chiefly Nerik and Hakmiš. The city of Hakmiš is administrative center, and when the city of Nerik was taken over by the Kaška, his cult moved to Hakmiš and established a temporary cult center for a long period of time. Without doubt, in the basis of maintaining a local kingdom tradition in Hakmiš, its dominant geopolitical position was influential. The city of Nerik, which had to be abandoned by the Hittites with the occupation of the Kaška for about 350 years, came back into the hands of the Hittites as a result of both military and peaceful policies implemented by the Hattušili III in the region. The solution of the problems of sovereignty in the regions where Nerik and Hakmiš was among the most important elements affecting the policies of the Empire in Anatolia, Northern Syria and Egypt. These studies aimed to clarify the status and importance of both cities in Hittite history.

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