YANGIN OLGULARI ve ADLİ ANTROPOLOJİ

Yangınlar, adli bilimler açısından önemli yere sahip olgular içermektedir. Bu türolgularda interdisipliner çalışmalar aracılığıyla olay yerinden elde edilen bulgulardeğerlendirilmeli ve laboratuvar analizleriyle karşılaştırılmalıdır. Böylece vakaanalizleridaha güvenilir şekilde yapılmakta ve kimliklendirme çalışmalarına katkıdabulunmaktadır.Kemik ve dişler diğer iskelet bileşenlerine göre termal etkenlere karşı dahadayanıklıdır. Bu nedenle yangın olgularında temel olarak adli antropoloji ve adliodontoloji yaklaşımlarından yararlanılmaktadır. Adli antropoloji, termal etkenlerinvücutta yarattığı değişimleri adli tıp ve adli patoloji gibi bilim dallarından yardımalarak tanımlamaktadır. Buna ek olarak iskeletlerdeki travma tiplerini tanımlayarakyangın olgusunun kasıtlı olup olmadığını belirlemeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Ayrıcaadli antropoloji, iskelet üzerinde kimliklendirmeye yardımcı olabilecek patoloji,anomali ve varyasyon gibi göstergeleri belirlemekte; yaş ve cinsiyet gibi ölçütlerideğerlendirerek biyolojik profil oluşturulmasını sağlamaktadır.Kemikler, yangın olgularında ulaşılabilen temel kalıntılardan olduğu için adliantropolojinin bu tür olgularda aktif bir biçimde yer alması gerekmektedir. Adliantropoloji, yangın olgularında adli bilimlerin farklı disiplinleriyle birlikteçalışmalı, farklı nitelikteki yangın olguları için çeşitli teknikler test edilerek dahagüvenilir sonuçlar için örnek modeller oluşturulmalıdır.

Cases of Fire and Forensic Anthropology

The fires include facts which have important points in terms of forensic sciences.In such cases, findings obtained from the site through interdisciplinary studies should be assessed and compared with laboratory analyses.Thus, the cases are analyzed more reliably and they contribute to identification studies. Bones and teeth are more resistant to thermal effects than other skeletal components. For this reason, forensic anthropology and forensic odontology approaches are mainly used in fire cases. Forensic anthropology describes the changes in the body caused by thermal factors with the help of scientific branches, such as forensic medicine and forensic pathology. Additionaly, this subdiscipline identifies trauma types in skeletons to help determine whether the emergence of a fire is deliberate. It also defines indicators such as pathology, anomaly and variation that can help to identify the skeleton and it provides help for composing a biological profile by evaluating criteria such as age and sex. Bones are among the basic remnants that can be reached in fire cases. For this reason, forensic anthropology should be actively considered in such cases. Forensic anthropology should work with different disciplines of forensic sciences. Various techniques should be tested for different types of fire cases. In addition, sample models should be created for more reliable results.

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