Frequency of complications due to sedation in patientsundergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy
Frequency of complications due to sedation in patientsundergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy
Aim: Non-operating room anesthesia is frequently used in all areas. Gastrointestinal endoscopy is one of the procedures requiring sedation outside the operating room. This study aimed to investigate the drugs used for sedation and the complications during gastrointestinal procedures in our hospital.Materials and Methods: The files of the patients who underwent anesthesia for gastrointestinal endoscopy between 01.01.2018-31.12.2018 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. ASA score, age, gender, vital signs, drugs, doses, complications, and need for intensive care were evaluated.Results: A total of 508 patients were sedated. The 187 cases (36.3%) were male, and 321 (63.2%) were female. The mean age was 54.9 ± 15.6 years. Two hundred fifty-two cases (49.6%) were found to be ASA II. Colonoscopy was performed in 134 cases (26.4%), gastroscopy in 270 cases (53.1%), both colonoscopy and gastroscopy in 99 cases (19.5%), and PEG in 5 cases (1%). The most frequently used anesthetic drug in sedated patients was observed to be propofol. Complications occurred in 28 patients (5.5%).Conclusions: Drug selection becomes crucial in non-operating room anesthesia applications in terms of early recovery and patient safety. In this study, it was seen that the most used drug was propofol, and accordingly, it was concluded that mortal complications were not observed.
___
- 1. Huang YY, Lee HK, Juan CH, et al. Conscious sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2005;43:33-8.
- 2. Turkish Society of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (TARD) Anesthesia Application Guidelines. Nonoperating Anesthesia Applications; 2015.
- 3. Regula J, Sokol-Kobielska E. Sedation in endoscopy: when and how. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2008;22:945-57.
- 4. Cohen LB, Delegge MH, Aisenberg J, et al. AGA Institute. AGA Institute review of endoscopic sedation. Gastroenterology 2007;133:675-701.
- 5. Guidelines of the American Society of Anesthesiologist. Statement on Nonoperating Room Anesthetizing Locations, Committee of Origin: Standards and Practice Parameters; October 2019.
- 6. Lazzaroni M, Bianchi-Porro G. Premedication, preparation, and surveillance. Endoscopy 1999;31:2- 8.
- 7. Madan A, Minocha A - Who is willing to undergo endoscopy without sedation: patients, nurses, or the physicians? South Med J 2004;97:800-5.
- 8. Yapici N. Anesthesia in cardiac electrophysiology laboratory. GKDA Derg 2014;20:135-40.
- 9. Sporea I, Popescu A, Sandesc D, et al. Colonoscopy and Sedation in Romania: Early Experience using a Balanced Propofol Regimen. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2010;19:27-30.
- 10. Iyilikci L, Cakmak S, Ogdul E, et al. Our Experience in Non-Operating Room Anesthesia Applications. Turk Anest Rean Der 2006;34:169-76.
- 11. Sethi S, Wadhwa V, Thaker A, et al. propofol versus traditional sedative agents for advanced endoscopic procedures: A meta-analysis. Dig Endosc 2014;26:515-24.
- 12. Wadhwa V, Issa D, Garg S, et al. Similar risk of cardiopulmonary adverse events between propofol and traditional anesthesia for gastrointestinal endoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:194-206.
- 13. Wang D, Chen C, Chen J, et al. The use of propofol as a sedative agent in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A metaanalysis. PLoS One 2013;8: e53311.
- 14. Nishizawa T, Suzuki H, Matsuzaki J, et al. propofol versus traditional sedative agents for endoscopic submucosal dissection. Dig Endosc 2014;26:701-6.