Ayhan BAŞTAN, Seçkin SALAR, İsfendiyar DARBAZ

Investigation of udder health and milk quality parameters of dairy farms in Northern Cyprus. Part II: Milk quality

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kuzey Kıbrıs'taki sütçü inek işletmelerinde süt kalitesini araştırmaktı. Bu amaçla 138 işletmeye ait sürü tank sütünden bir yıl boyunca, ayda bir kez, toplam bakteri sayımı, koliform sayımı yapıldı ve örnekler kuru madde, yağ, toplam protein, kazein, laktoz, serbest yağ asitleri, yağsız kuru madde, asitlik-SH, yoğunluk, donma noktası, sitrik asit ve antibiyotik kalıntısı yönünden değerlendirildi. Yıl boyunca işletmelerin %71'inin, örneklerin ise %47'sinin toplam bakteri sayısı (TBS) medyan değerinin >100.000 cfu/ml olduğu, yıllık ortalama TBS medyan değerinin 227.738 cfu/ml olduğu saptandı. Koliform sayısı örneklerin %28.5'inde 100 cfu/ml idi. Örneklerin %2.6'sında antibiyotik kalıntısı saptandı. Sütün bileşimi incelendiğinde kuru madde, yağ, toplam protein, kazein, laktoz, serbest yağ asitleri, yağsız kuru madde, asitlik- SH, yoğunluk, donma noktası ve sitrik asit oranı sırasıyla %12.03; %3.30; %3.49; %2.62; %4.56; %1.13; %8.75; 6.56 SH; 1 031,50 gr; -0.542 ?H ve % 0.131 olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, çalışma sonuçları 1) Yıllık toplam bakteri sayısının yüksek olduğunu, 2) Koliform sayısının her mevsimde (özellikle yaz) yüksek olduğunu, 3) Süt bileşenlerinin mevsimsel olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir

Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki sütçü işletmelerde meme sağlığı ve süt kalitesi parametrelerinin araştırılması. Bölüm II: Süt kalitesi

The purpose of this study was to determine milk quality status of dairy farms in Northern Cyprus. For this purpose, total bacteria and coliform counts in milk samples taken from all 138 dairy farms were counted, and samples were evaluated in terms of dry matter, fat, total protein, casein, lactose, free fatty acids, fat-free dry matter, acidity-SH, density, freezing point, citric acid and antibiotic residues, once a month during a year. It was determined that annual median values of 71% of the dairy farms, and the total bacteria count (TBC) median value of 47% of the samples was 100.000 cfu/ml; and that the annual median value was 227.738 cfu/ml. Coliform count was >100 cfu/ml in 71.5% of the samples. Antibiotic residues were detected in 2.6% of the samples. Milk composition analysis showed that dry matter, fat, total protein, casein, lactose, free fatty acids, fat-free dry matter, acidity-SH, density, freezing point, citric acid rates were 12.03%; 3.30%; 3.49%; 2.62%; 4.56%; 1.13%; 8.75%; 6.56 SH; 1.031,50 g; -0.542˚H and 0.131%, respectively. In conclusion, results of the study showed that 1) annual average of TBC was high, 2) Coliform count was high in every season (especially summer), 3) Milk composition had seasonal changes

PDF

___

1. Allore H, Oltenacu P, Erb H (1997): Effects of season, herd size, and geographic region on the composition and quality of milk in the Northeast. J Dairy Sci, 80, 3040-3049.
2. Ballou LU, Pasquini M, Bremel RD, et al. (1995): Factors affecting herd milk composition and milk plasmin at four levels of somatic cell counts. J Dairy Sci, 78, 2186-2195.
3. Baştan A (2010): İneklerde Meme Sağlığı ve Sorunları. Kardelen Publ., Ankara, Turkey.
4. Blowey RW, Edmondson P (1995): Mastitis Control in Dairy Herds. Farming Press, UK.
5. Bouman M, Bianco R, Gianneechini E, et al. (2005): Mastitis Control in Uruguay: Strengths and Weaknesses. 703-708. In: H Hogeveen (Ed), Mastitis in Dairy Production: Current Knowledge and Future Solutions. 2nd ed, Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
6. Costello M, Rhee M-S, Bates MP, et al. (2003): Elevenyear trends of microbiological quality in bulk tank milk. Food Prot Trends, 23, 393-400.
7. Elmoslemany AM, Keefe GP, Dohoo IR, et al. (2009): Microbiological quality of bulk tank raw milk in Prince Edward Island dairy herds. J Dairy Sci, 92, 4239-4248.
8. Elmoslemany AM, Keefe GP, Dohoo IR, et al. (2010): The association between bulk tank milk analysis for raw milk quality and on-farm management practices. Prev Vet Med, 95, 32-40.
9. Hamann J (2005): Diagnosis of Mastitis and Indicators of Milk Quality. In: H Hogeveen (Ed), Mastitis in Dairy Production: Current Knowledge and Future Solutions. 2nd ed, Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
10. Harmon R (1994): Physiology of mastitis and factors affecting somatic cell counts. J Dairy Sci, 77(7), 2103-2112.
11. Jayarao B, Pillai S, Sawant A, et al. (2004): Guidelines for monitoring bulk tank milk somatic cell and bacterial counts. J Dairy Sci, 87, 3561-3573.
12. Jayarao BM, Wolfgang DR (2003): Bulk-tank milk analysis: A useful tool for improving milk quality and herd udder health. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 19, 75- 92.
13. Kaartinen L (1995): Physiology of the Bovine Udder. In: Sandholm M, Honkonen-Buzalski T, Kaartinen L, Pyörälä S (Eds), The Bovine Udder and Mastitis. Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy Jyväskylä: University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.
14. Korhonen H, Kaartinen L (1995): Changes in the Composition of Milk Induced by Mastitis. In: Sandholm M, Honkonen-Buzalski T, Kaartinen L, Pyörälä S (Eds), The Bovine Udder and Mastitis. Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy Jyväskylä: University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.
15. Morsi NM, Saleh Y, El Gazzar H, et al. (2000): Effect of mastitis on milk fat content. Pak J Biol Sci, 3, 196-200.
16. Pantoja J, Reinemann D, Ruegg P (2009): Associations among milk quality indicators in raw bulk milk. J Dairy Sci, 92, 4978-4987.
17. Pyörälä S (2003): Indicators of inflammation in the diagnosis of mastitis. Vet Res, 34, 565-578.
18. Rhone J, Koonawootrittriron S, Elzo M (2008): Factors affecting milk yield, milk fat, bacterial score, and bulk tank somatic cell count of dairy farms in the central region of Thailand. Trop Anim Health Prod, 40, 147-153.
19. Ruegg PL (2001): Milk secretion and quality standards. University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
20. Rysanek D, Babak V, Zouharova M (2007): Bulk tank milk somatic cell count and sources of raw milk contamination with mastitis pathogens. Vet Med (Praha), 52, 223-230.
21. Stulova I, Adamberg S, Kriščiunaite T, et al. (2010): Microbiological quality of raw milk produced in Estonia. Lett Appl Microbiol, 51, 683-690.
22. Suriyasathaporn W, Vinitketkumnuen U, Chewonarin T (2010): Relationships among malondialdehyde, milk compositions, and somatic cell count in milk from bulk tank. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol, 32, 23-26.