M. Hakan ALTINTAŞ, Tuncer TOKOL, Füsun ALTINTAŞ ÇINAR

E-Ticaret Engellerinin E-Ticaret Kullanma Eğilimine Etkisi: Türkiye'deki İhracatçı KOBİ'ler Üzerinde Ampirik Bir Araştırma

Çalışma internet temelli elektronik ticaret (EC) engellerinin Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren küçük ve orta boy işletmelerin (KOBİ) e-ticaret kullanma eğilimleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. E-ticaret engelleri 21 değişken, e-ticaret kullanma eğilimi ise bir değişken ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırma web tabanlı anket yardımıyla, e-ticaret kullanmayan, 204 KOBİ üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk önce e-ticaret engellerinin temel gruplarını belirleyebilmek üzere açıklayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve dört grup saptanmıştır. Bu gruplar; kültürel adaptasyon, teknolojik adaptasyon, piyasa olgunluğu ve süre özelliğidir. Piyasa olgunluğu doğrulayıcı faktör analizine göre iyi bir uyum düzeyine sahip olmadığı için analiz dışında tutulmuştur. Daha sonra, üç hipotez kurulmuş ve yapısal denklem modellemesi (SEM) yardımıyla test edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, KOBİ'lerin E-ticaret kullanma eğilimi anlamlı bir şekilde teknolojik adaptasyondan (H2) ve süre özelliğinden (H3) etkilenmektedir. Sonuç olarak hipotezlerden ikisi kabul, biri reddedilmiştir. Teknolojik adaptasyonun alt değişkenleri olarak çalışanların eğitimi ve teknik becerisi ile süre özelliğinin bir alt değişkeni olan yatırım belirsizliği e-ticaret kullanma eğilimi üzerinde en büyük etkiye sahiptir.

The Impacts of E-Commerce Barries on E-Commerce Adoption Intentions: An Empirical Analysis of Exporting SMEs in Turkey

The study investigates the effect of internet-based electronic commerce (EC) barriers on e-commerce adoption intentions of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Turkey. EC barriers were measured with 21 variables and adoption intention was measured by one variable. The survey conducted on the data was obtained from a sample of 204 SMEs with non-adopters by a web-based questionnarie. First, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to find the main groups of e-commerce barriers and four groups were found. These were cultural adaptation, technological adaptation, market maturity and duration attribute. Market maturity factor was excluded from the analysis because it was not suitable for confirmatory factor analysis. Then, three hypotheses were established and tested to see the effect size of each factor on adoption intentions by structural equation modelling (SEM). It was found that EC adoption intention of SMEs was significantly influenced by technological adaptation (H2) and duration attribute (H3)factors. As a result, two hypoteses were accepted, and one hypotesis rejected. Employee training and technical skills as sub-variables of technological adaptation and investment uncertainty as a sub-variable of duration attribute has the biggest impact on adoption intentions.

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