Sezgin GÜNEŞ, Sercan ERGÜN, Neslihan HEKİM

Varikosel ile ilişkili infertilite patofizyolojisinde mikroRNA’ların rolü

Varikosel, erkek infertilitesinin en yaygın tedavi edilebilir nedeni olarak kabul edilir ve varikoselin fertilite üzerindeki etkisini açıklamak için olası patofizyolojik mekanizmalar önerilmiştir. Ancak, varikoselle ilişkili infertilitenin moleküler düzeyde etiyolojisi hala belirsizliğini korumaktadır. MikroRNA’lar (miRNA’lar), hedef mRNA’larındaki tamamlayıcı baz dizileriyle eşleşerek genlerin ekspresyonlarını düzenleyen küçük kodlamayan RNA molekülleridir. Hücredeki fizyolojik işlevleri dışında, miRNA’ların ekspresyonlarındaki düzensizliğin birçok hastalığın gelişiminde rol oynadığı bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemede, varikoselle ilişkili infertilitede seminal, testiküler ve spermatozoal miRNA’ların olası rolleri incelenmiştir. Dokuya özgü miRNA’ların anormal ekspresyonunun, belirli erkek üreme sistemi bozukluklarıyla ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu tür miRNA’ların varikosel patofizyolojisindeki rolüne odaklanmak, varikoselle ilişkili erkek infertilitesinin moleküler mekanizmalarını aydınlatabilir ve etkili biyobelirteçler ve terapötik ajanlar bulma potansiyeli yaratabilir.

Role of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of varicocele-related infertility

Varicocele is considered the most common treatable cause of male infertility, and possible pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed to explain the effect of varicocele on fertility. However, the molecular etiology of infertility associated with varicocele is still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of genes by binding complementary base sequences in target mRNAs. Apart from its function in many physiological cell processes, it has been reported that the irregularity of miRNAs expression plays a role in the development of many diseases. In this review, the possible roles of seminal, testicular, and spermatozoal miRNAs in varicocele-related infertility were discussed. Abnormal expression of tissue-specific miRNAs is associated with certain male reproductive system disorders. Thus, focusing on the role of such miRNAs in varicocele pathophysiology could illuminate the molecular mechanisms of varicocele-associated male infertility and create the potential to find effective biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

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