A Study to Identify the Success Factors of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Implemented by Ground Handling Companies at Airports in Turkey

İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemlerinin (İSGYS) başarıyla uygulanması çalışanların emniyetini sağlamada, sağlıklarını korumada ve bu sayede etkinlik ve verimliliklerini artırmada önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu rol işletmelerin amaçlarını gerçekleştirmesinde ve toplumsal maliyetlerin azaltılmasında önemli bir araç konumundadır. Bu nedenle İSGYS›lerin başarısının artırılmasında fayda vardır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de hava taşımacılığı sektöründe faaliyet gösteren yer hizmeti işletmelerinin uygulamış oldukları İSGYS’ lerin başarısını etkileyen faktörler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada veriler İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği yöneticileri ve uzmanlarından Nominal Grup Görüşmesi yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi sonucunda yer hizmeti işletmelerinde uygulanan İSGYS’lerin başarılı olabilmesi için İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği profesyonellerinin bağımsızlığı, üst yönetimin İSGYS’ye desteği, üst yönetimin İSGYS’ye kaynak ayırması ve sürekli denetimin olması gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Katılımcıların en önemli gördükleri faktör ise İSG profesyonellerinin bağımsızlığı faktörü olmuştur.

A Study to Identify the Success Factors of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Implemented by Ground Handling Companies at Airports in Turkey

Successful implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMSs) ensures the safety of employees and protects their health and thus has an important role in increasing their productivity and efficiency. This role is an important tool for companies in realization their objectives and in reducing social cost. Therefore, there is a great benefit in increasing the success of OHSMSs. In this study, it has been aimed to identify factors affecting and to appreciate which factors have the greatest impact on the success of OHSMSs implemented by ground handling companies operating at airports in Turkey. The data were collected from senior OHSMSs’ managers and experts by using nominal group technique. The results of the study indicated that professional independence of OHS practitioners, place of the senior management’s OHSMS commitment in the implementations, senior management’s awareness of OHSMS implementations, resource allocated by senior management to OHSMS implementations and the continuity of the OHSMS audits play an important role for the successful implementation of the OHSMSs. Professional independence of OHS practitioners being an extremely important success factor draws the attention since it does not stand out in the findings of the other researches.

PDF

___

Alli, O. B. (2008). Fundamental Principles of Occupati-onal Health and Safety, (2nd Edition), International Labour Office, Geneva.
Bagshaw, M. (2008). Cosmic radiation in commercial aviation, Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 6, 125–127, doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2007.10.003.
Causse, M., Dehais, F., Peran, P., Sebatini, U. & Pastor, J. (2013). The effects of emotion on pilot decision-making: A neuroergonomic approach to aviation safety, Transportation Research Part C, 33, 272-281, doi:10.1016/j.trc.2012.04.005
Chen, C., Wu, G., Chuang, K. & Ma, C. (2009). A comparative analysis of the factors affecting the implementation of occupational health and safety management systems in the printed circuit board industry in Taiwan, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 22, 210–215, doi:10.1016/j. jlp.2009.01.004.
Cohen, A. (1977). Factors of Successful Occupational Safety, Journal of Safety Research 9,168-178, http:// csemails.elsevier.com/JSR/JSR_1147.pdf
Comcare, (2012). The Management of Work Health and Safety in the Commonwealth Jurisdiction: Es-tablishing a work health and safety management system, Australia.
Daft, L.R. (2008). Management, (8th Edition), Thom-son: Southwestern.
Dekker, S. (2011). The criminalization of human error in aviation and healthcare: A review, Safety Science 49,121–127, doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.010
DHMİ, http://www.dhmi.gov.tr/istatistik.aspx (Access date: 25.01.2015).
Dowling, L. K., Louis, D. R. (2000). Asynchronous implementation of the nominal group technique: is it effective?, Decision Support Systems 29, 229–248, doi:10.1016/S0167-9236(00)00073-7
EHSC, (2009). Occupational Health and Safety Ma-nagement Systems, http://www.rsc.org/images/ OHMS260209_tcm18-38058.pdf (Access date: 25.04.2014).
Gallagher C. (1997). Health and safety management systems: Analysis of system types and effectiveness. Sydney: Research report to the National Occupati-onal Health and Safety Commission:1997.
Gallagher, C. (2000). Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems: System Types and Effecti-veness, Degree of Doctor Dissertation, Deakin Uni-versity.
Gerede, E. (2015). A study of challenges to the success of the safety management system in aircraft main-tenance organizations in Turkey, Safety Science, 73, 106-116, doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2014.11.013
Graefe, A., Armstrong, S. J. (2011). Comparing face-to-face meetings, nominal groups, Delphi and predic-tion markets on an estimation task, International Journal of Forecasting 27,183-195, doi:10.1016/j. ijforecast.2010.05.004
Haadir, A. S., Panuwatwanich, K. (2011). Critical Suc-cess Factors for Safety Program Implementation among Construction Companies in Saudi Arabia, Procedia Engineering 14,148–155, doi:10.1016/j. proeng.2011.07.017
Hart, S., Aryan, M. (2007), Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Success Factors And International Standards, Administrative Sciences Association of Canada (ASAC), 120-136.
HSA, (2006). Workplace Safety and Health Manage-ment: Practical Guidelines on the Implementation and Maintenance of an Occupational Safety, Health and Welfare Management System, Dublin, http:// http://www.hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/ Publications/Safety_and_Health_Management/ Workplace_Safety_and_Health_Management.pdf (Access date: 23.02.2015)
HSE, (2008). Successful Health and Safety Manage-ment http://www.qub.ac.uk/safety-reps/sr_webpa-ges/safety_downloads/successful_h&S_manage-ment.pdf (Access date: 23.02.2015).
Hussain, H. N. (2009). The Critical Success Factor In Implementing Occupational Safety And Health (OSHA), Degree of Master Dissertation, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
ILO, (2011). OHS Management System: A tool for Continual Improvement, World Day for Safety and Health at Work, http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/ groups/public/@ed_protect/@protrav/@safework/ documents/publication/wcms_153930.pdf (Access date: 24.02.2015).
Kushnir, T. (1995). Stress in Ground Support Person-nel, Occupational Health in Aviation Maintenance and Support Personnel, (Ed: J. Ribak; R. Rayman and P. Froom) Chapter 5, 51-72.
Mallis, M. M., Banks, S. & Dinges, F. D. (2012). Airc-rew Fatigue, Sleep Need and Circadian Rhythmi-city, Human Factors in Aviation (Ed: E.Salas ve D. Maurino).(2nd Edition). Burlington: Elsevier, 401-436.
Maurino, D., Reason, J., Johnson, N. & Lee, R. (1995). Beyond Aviation Human Factors. Aldershot: Ash-gate.
Mohammad, M., Osman, R. M., Rosnah, M. Y. & İs-mail, N. (2007). Critical Success Factors For Imp-lementıng Integrated Management System (IMS): Survey And Case Studies Results, World Enginee-ring Congress 2007, Penang, Malaysia, 5 – 9 August 2007, 17-24.
NSW Government, (2007). Occupational Health and Safety and Injury Management Improvement Stan-dards.
O’Dea, A., Flin, R. (2003). The role of managerial lea-dership in determining workplace safety outcomes, Research Report 044, University of Aberdeen.
PSHSA, (2010). Health and Safety Management Systems, Fast Facts.
Ramroop, S., McCarthy, J. J. & Naidoo, K. (2004). Successful Occupational Health and Safety: A Ma-nagement Perspective. Proceedings of 8th World Congress on Environmental Health, Document Transformation Technologies, South Africa, 22-27.
Reason, T. J. (1997). Managing the risks of organizatio-nal accidents, London: Ashgate.
Official Gazette of the Republic of Turkey, (2012). Oc-cupational Health and Safety Services Regulation, No:28512, Date: 29.12.2012.
Ribak, J., Cline, B. (1995). Ground Accidents, Occupa-tional Health in Aviation Maintenance and Support Personnel, (Ed: J. Ribak; R. Rayman and P. Froom). 201-205.
Saifullah, M. N., İsmail, F. (2012). Integration of Oc-cupational Safety and Health during Precons-truction Stage in Malaysia, Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences 35, 603 – 610, doi:10.1016/j. sbspro.2012.02.127
Simonds, R., Shafai-Sahrai, Y. (1977). Factors Appa-rently Affecting Injury Frequency in Eleven Matc-hed Pairs of Companies, Journal of Safety Research, 9 (3), 120-127, doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2013.07.047
Smith, M, Cohen, H., Cohen, A. & Cleveland, R. (1978). Characteristics of Successful Safety Prog-rams, Journal of Safety Research, 10 (1), 5-15, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/jour-nal/00224375
Sorensen, N. J. (2002). Safety culture: a survey of the state-of-the-art, Reliability Engineering and System Safety 76, 189-204, doi:10.1016/S0951-8320(02)00005-4
Spencer, M. D. (2010). Facilitating public participation in tourism planning on American Indian reserva-tions: A case study involving the Nominal Group Technique, Tourism Management 31, 684–690, doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2009.07.002
Sutton, G. S., Arnold, V. (2013). Focus group methods: Using interactive and nominal groups to explore emerging technology-driven phenomena in acco-unting and information systems, International Jo-urnal of Accounting Information Systems 14, 81-88, doi:10.1016/j.accinf.2011.10.001
UHDB, http://www.udhb.gov.tr/images/faaliyet/a5e-c26a31a72281.pdf (Access date: 24.01.2015).
Van de Ven, A.H. & Delbecq, A. L., (1974). The effec-tiveness of Nominal, Delphi, and Interacting group decision making processes. Academy of Manage-ment Journal, 17 (4), 605–621. https://www.jstor. org/stable/255641?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
WorkSafe Victoria, http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/ safety-and-prevention/health-and-safety-topics/ ohs-management- systems/the-5-steps-of-an-ohsms (Access date: 16.02.2015).
Wurzelbacher, J. S. (2006). Criteria for Evaluating an Occupational Safety and Health Program, Degree of Doctor Dissertation, University of Cincinnati.
Zimolong, B.and Elke, G. (2006). Occupational Health and Safety Management, Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics (Ed: G. Salvendy). New Jersey: Wiley, 671-707.