Ozgur TİMUR, Ali Uğur ÖZCAN, Umut PEKİN TİMUR, Hatran ÇELEM, Halim PERCİN, Mustafa BAŞARAN

Bazı Bitkilerin Rüzgar Erozyonuna Karşı Etkinliğinin Belirlenmesi: Çankırı Örneği

Dünyada rüzgar ile toprak partiküllerinin taşınması ve çökelmesi, çevre için önemli bir işlem olmasının yanı sıra, ciddi boyutlarda çevresel problem olarak da kabul edilmektedir. Atmosferik partiküler madde olarak isimlendirilen ve boyutları 100 mikrometre (µm)’den küçük mineral (toprak kökenli) ve organik (bitki kökenli) partiküllerin atmosferdeki yoğunluğunun artması, önemli sağlık sorunlarına da neden olmaktadır. Tozun engellenmesinde, iki ana yöntem bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan birincisi tozun ana kaynağında yok edilmesi, ikincisi de yapısal ve bitkisel yöntemlerle, rüzgar hızını azaltarak bitki yapraklarının toz tutma özelliğinden yararlanılması ile engellenmesidir. Bu çalışma için Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Uluyazı Kampüsü sınırları içerisinde yer alan alanlarda Robinia pseudoacaccia (Yalancı akasya), Acer negundo (Akçaağaç), Berberis thunbergii (Kadıntuzluğu) ve Ligustrum vulgare (Kurtbağrı) türleri ile dört farklı rüzgar perdesi kurulmuştur. Her bir rüzgar perdesinin önüne ve arkasına hakim rüzgar yönüne 1 ve 30 metre mesafede toplam altışar adet BEST tuzak (Basaran ve Erpul Sediment Tutucu) yerleştirilmiştir. Ölçümler iki yıl süresince Mart-Eylül ayları arasında on beş günlük dönemlerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dört farklı rüzgar perdesinin de ciddi şekilde tozu azalttığı belirlenmiş olup, özellikle Acer negundo – Berberis thunbergii ‘den oluşan rüzgar perdesinin 1m arkasında tozun %37’sini, 30m arkasında tozun %40’ını engellediği tespit edilerek, etkinliğinin diğerlerine göre yüksek olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler, toz engelleme çalışmalarında bitki seçimi için bir başlangıç olması açısından önemlidir. Çalışma daha sonra yapılacak toz perdesi olarak kullanılabilecek bitki seçimi çalışmalarında yöntem açısından kılavuz niteliğindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

BEST, Rüzgar erozyonu, Rüzgar Perdesi, Yarı kurak Bölge

Ecological Balance and Human Health in Forested Areas

This study aims to determine the effects of environmental degradation on human health. We reviewed the related literature from environmental and medical science. The most important factors which degrade ecological balance in forested areas are forest fires, excessive and irregular grazing of the animals, obtaining materials for fuel, buildings and paper production and using the land in an unsustainable manner. Decrease of biodiversity by deforestation is a major problem in terms of human communities based on plant and animal species, the vast majority of which are living resources. As a result, CO2 is elevated, threatening human health. Along with these, lung disease increase due to air pollution, and allergic diseases are seen with climate changes. With erosion caused the loss of soil, decrease in the nutrients in the soil and in turn the damage which takes place in flora, infertile areas created with the increase in the tendency of desertification will cause natural disasters, decrease in natural plant-animal species, decrease in forest areas, hindering of husbandry, the dams being exposed to the threat of getting filled by alluvial deposits and being destroyed and all these create negative impacts on human health. In order to avoid all health problems arising from the consequences of deforestation, the factors that degrade ecological balance in forest areas should be considered holistically. The necessary actions should be taken by fulfilling the responsibilities related to the institutions and organizations belonging to the state, especially the related ministries.

Keywords:

Biodiversity deforestation, enviroment, ersosian, health,

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Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2015
Yayıncı: Meriç Çakır

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