Nihat AKBULUT, Özkan KARATAŞ, Hatice BALCİ YUCE, Sibel AKBULUT, Ahmet ALTAN, Mehmet TAŞKAN

Bruksizm Varlığında ve Yokluğunda, Periodontal Sağlık ve Hastalıkta Vasküler Endotelyal Büyüme Faktörü, Hipoksi ile İndüklenebilir Faktör 1-Alfa ve Bakteriyel Plak Kompozisyonunun Değerlendirilmesi: Randomize Olmayan Klinik Çalışma

Amaç: Bu çalışmada periodontitis ve bruksizm hastalarında hipoksi belirteçlerindeki ve bakteriyel bileşen¬lerdeki olası değişiklikleri değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Dört çalışma grubu oluşturuldu: bruksizmi olmayan 20 sağlıklı birey (Grup 1), bruk-sizmi olmayan 20 periodontitis hastası (Grup 2), bruksizmi olan 20 sağlıklı birey (Grup 3) ve bruksizmi olan 20 periodontitis hastası (Grup 4). Plak indeksi, gingival indeks ve klinik ataçman seviyesi kaydedildi, dişeti oluğu sıvısı (DOS) ve dental plak örnekleri alındı. DOS’taki vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü (VEBF) ve hipoksi ile indüklenebilir faktör 1-alfa (HİF-1α) seviyeleri belirlendi. Subgingival plak örnekleri 5 bakteri türü (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola ve Fusobacterium nucleatum) için değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Plak indeksi, gingival indeks ve klinik ataçman seviyesi periodontitis hastalarına kıyasla sağlıklı bireylerde anlamlı biçimde daha düşüktü. DOS ve serum VEBF ve HİF-1α seviyeleri benzerdi (p>0,05). A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. denticola ve F. nucleatum sayıları çalışma grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermedi (p>0,05). P. gingivalis sayıları Grup 1’de en düşük olup hem periodontitis hem de bruksizm ile artmaktaydı. T. forsythia sayıları Grup 1 ve Grup 2’de Grup 3 ve Grup 4’e göre daha yüksekti. Grup 1’deki seviyeler ise Grup 2’dekinden düşüktü. Sonuç: Bruksizmi olan ve olmayan bireyler, periodontal sağlık ve hastalıkta hipoksi bakımın¬dan benzer bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, başlıca oral patojenlerden biri olan P. gingivalis, periodontitisten bağımsız olarak bruksizm varlığından etkilenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

bruksizm, hiperkoklüzyon, hipoksi, periodontitis;, subgingival mikroorganizmalar

Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1-Alpha, and Bacterial Plaque Composition in Periodontal Health and Disease, with or without Bruxism: A Non-Randomized Clinical Study

Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible changes in hypoxia markers and bacterial compo-nents in patients with periodontitis and bruxism. Methods: Four study groups were created: 20 healthy individuals without bruxism (Group 1), 20 periodontitis patients without bruxism (Group 2), 20 healthy individuals with bruxism (Group 3), and 20 periodontitis patients with bruxism (Group 4). Plaque index, gingival index, and clinical attach-ment levels were recorded and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and dental plaque samples were taken. The GCF vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) levels were determined. Subgingival plaque samples were evaluated for 5 bacterial species (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Fu¬sobacterium nucleatum). Results: Compared to patients with periodontitis, plaque index, gingival index, and clinical attachment levels were significantly lower in healthy individuals. The GCF and serum levels of VEGF and HIF-1α were similar (p>0.05). The A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. denticola, and F. nucleatum counts did not differ significantly between the study groups (p>0.05). P. gingivalis counts were lowest in Group 1 and increased with both periodontitis and bruxism. T. forsythia counts were higher in Group 1 and Group 2 than in Group 3 and Group 4. The levels in Group 1 were lower than those in Group 2. Conclusion: Individuals with and without bruxism were found to be similar in terms of hypoxia in periodontal health and disease. However, one of the major oral pathogens, P. gingivalis, is af¬fected by the presence of bruxism, regardless of periodontitis.

Keywords:

bruxism, hyperocclusion, hypoxia, periodontitis, subgingival microorganisms,

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