Kentsel ısı adası, sıcaklık dalgaları ve halk sağlığı ilişkisi

Gelecekte devam etmesi öngörülen küresel ısınma tahmini ile hem ısı dalgalarının görülme sıklığının hem de yoğunluğunun giderek artması muhtemeldir. Özellikle şehir merkezlerinde oluşan kentsel ısı adalarının da giderek şiddetleneceği ve kentte yaşayan insanların sağlığını pek çok açıdan olumsuz etkileyeceği potansiyel bir gerçektir. Türkiye’de kentsel ısı adası ile ilgili birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bunların en kapsamlılarından biri olan yazarın doktora tezi çalışmasında, 2013 yılı itibariyle nüfusu 500.000 ve üzeri 17 kent ve mukayese istasyonu şehir ısı varlığı açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Sen’in Trend Analizi metodu ile araştırma yapılan tezde çalışılan kentlerden 11 tanesinde şehir ısı adası varlığı tespit edilmiştir. ŞIA varlığı tespit edilen kentler, Türkiye’nin kalabalık nüfuslu kentleridir. Bu kentlerde yaşayan halkın sağlığı ve refahının, gelecek yıllarda sıcak hava dalgaları nedeniyle olumsuz şekilde etkileneceği öngörülmektedir. Bu kapsamda gerek yerel yönetimlerin gerekse de ilgili kent planlamacıların halihazırda var olan şehirlerin yapılanmalarında iyileştirmeye gidilmesi ve önlem alınması konusundaki girişimcileri, halkın büyük bir kesiminin sıcak hava dalgalarından etkilenmemesi adına son derece önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

şehir ısı adası, halk sağlığı, sıcak hava dalgaları

The relationship of the city heat island, temperature waves and public health

With the forecast of global warming predicted to continue in the future, both the incidence and intensity of heat waves are likely to increase gradually. It is a potential reality that urban heat islands, especially in city centers, will become increasingly severe and adversely affect the health of people living in the city in many respects. Many studies have been carried out on urban heat island in Turkey. In the author's doctoral thesis, which is one of the most comprehensive of these, 17 cities and comparison stations with a population of 500,000 and above as of 2013 were evaluated in terms of urban heat availability. In 11 of these cities, the presence of urban heat island has been detected. Cities in which the presence of Urban Heat Island (UHI) has been detected are the crowded cities of Turkey. It is predicted that the health and welfare of the people living in these cities will be adversely affected in the coming years due to heat waves. In this context, the initiatives of both local governments and relevant urban planners to improve the existing cities and take precautions are extremely important in order to prevent a large part of the population from being affected by heat waves.

Keywords:

şehir ısı adası, halk sağlığı, sıcak hava dalgaları,

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