Turizm Etkinliği Çevre Performansını Etkiliyor Mu? Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Etkinlik Skorlarının Hesaplanması

Turizmin ekonomiye sürekli artan katkısı, ülke ekonomileri içinde önemsenen bir sektör haline gelmesine neden olmuştur. Ülkeler sadece ekonomi odaklı gelişmeye çalıştıklarından, çevresel faktörleri genellikle göz ardı etmektedirler. Bu açıdan turizm gelişiminin çevre ile nasıl bir ilişki içerisinde olduğunu araştırmak çalışmanın amacını meydana getirmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada turizm göstergelerinin etkinliği ile çevre performansı arasındaki uygunluk ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada rasgele seçilen 50 ülkenin 2018 yılına ait turizm göstergeleri kullanılarak veri zarflama analizi ile etkinlik skorları hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra ülkelerin Çevre Performans Endeksi sıralamalarına göre grupları incelenmiştir. Ülkelerin turizm etkinlik değerleri ve ÇPE grupları kullanılarak uygunluk analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre turizm etkinliği ile çevre performansı arasında belirli bir uygunluk ilişkisi vardır. Ancak bu uygunluk ilişkisi günümüzde yaşanan çevresel problemleri önleyecek derecede yeterli değildir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Veri Zarflama Analizi, Turizm, Çevre, Uygunluk Analizi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Ekonomi.

Does Tourism Efficiency Affect Environmental Performance? Calculation of Efficiency Scores by Data Envelope Analysis

The contribution of tourism to the economy has caused it to become an important sector in the economies of the country. As countries try to develop only with an economy focus, they often ignore environmental factors. In this respect, it is the aim of the study to investigate how tourism development relates to the environment. In this study, the correspondance relationship between the efficiency of tourism indicators and environmental performance was examined. In the study, efficiency scores of 50 countries in 2018, which are randomly selected, were calculated in terms of tourism indicators. The environmental performance index data and tourism efficiency scores of the countries were analyzed with the correspondance analysis technique, which is one of the techniques used for multivariate categorical data analysis. Then, the results obtained from the variables with the correspondace analysis were interpreted. According to the results, there is a certain correlation between tourism activity and environmental performance. However, this correspondance relationship is not sufficient to prevent environmental problems, that are experienced today.

Keywords:

Data Envelopment Analysis, Tourism, Enviroment, Corresponding Analysis, Sustainability, Economy,

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