Muharrem TÜRKKAN, Ömer ÇALIŞKAN, İsmail ERPER, Şevket Metin KARA, Muhammet Akif AÇIKGÖZ

Bazı toprak kökenli funguslara karşı defne esansiyel yağı ve hidrosölünün antifungal etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Öz Mevcut çalışmada, defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yağının ve hidrosölünün Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, Rhizoctonia solani AG-4, Macrophomina phaseolina ve Sclerotium rolfsii’ye karşı antifungal etkileri in vitro ve toprak test yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca uçucu yağın kimyasal bileşenleri GC-MS analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ana bileşeni 1,8-sineole (%57.03) olan uçucu yağda on altı bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Miselyal gelişme, spor çimlenmesi ve sklerotial çimlenme dahil olmak üzere tüm in vitro çalışmalarda, uçucu yağın dört fungusun hepsine karşı inhibitör etkisi, uçucu yağ hidrosölününkünden çok daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, M. phaseolina, R. solani AG-4 ve S. rolfsii için uçucu yağın EC50, MIC ve MFC değerleri sırasıyla 9.84, >40 ve >40, 5.28, >40 ve >40, 3.55, 20 ve >40, ve 2.74, 20 ve 40 µl/petri’ydi. Toprak testlerinde, uçucu yağ (40 µL/petri) R. solani AG-4 ve S. rolfsii’nin misel gelişimini tamamen engellemiş, ancak F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae ve M. phaseolina’nın misel gelişimini sırasıyla %63.61 ve %95.53’e kadar azaltmıştır. Bununla birlikte, uçucu yağın birinci grup funguslara karşı engelleyici etkisi ile M. phaseolina’nınki arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamıştır. Uçucu yağ hidrosölünün en yüksek konsantrasyonunda (%40, w/v) bile, F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, M. phaseolina, R. solani AG-4 ve S. rolfsii’nin miselyal gelişimini sırasıyla %2.91, 5.36, 26.80 ve 35.13’e kadar azaltmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, çeşitli toprak kökenli fungusların kontrolünde defne uçucu yağlarının kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Defne, uçucu yağ, toprak kökenli funguslar, alternatif kontrol

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