Endüstri 5.0’a Doğru: Zeki Otonom Sistemlerde Etik Ve Ahlaki Sorumluluklar

Endüstri 4.0 ile birlikte makinelerin birbiriyle haberleştiği bir sürece girilmiş bulunmaktadır. Bu süreç, makinelerin otonom kararlar vereceği ve bu kararlar ile insanların hayatına önemli etkilerde bulunacağı Endüstri 5.0 döneminin de ilk adımlarını oluşturmaktadır. Endüstride meydana gelen bu gelişmelerin temelinde Yapay Zeka algoritmaları ile birçok alanda elde edilen yüksek başarılar yer almaktadır. Geliştikçe başarısı ve karmaşıklığı artarken anlaşılabilirliği azalan zeki sistemlerin insanları etkileyen önemli kararların alınmasında kullanılacak olması birçok şüpheyi de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu şüpheler sadece son kullanıcı tarafında değil aynı zamanda sosyal ve ekonomik dönüşümlerle de ilgilidir. Endüstri 5.0’ın önündeki engellerin başında geliştirilecek zeki topluluğa karşı toplumsal önyargılar bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple, Zeki Otonom makinelerin etik ve ahlaki sorumlulukların bilincinde makineler olmaları ve bu özelliklerin topluma açıklanabilir olması gerekmektedir. Açıklama Hakkı, yapay zeka destekli otonom sistemlerin kararlarını hangi etik ve ahlaki mekanizmalara göre belirlediklerinin bu süreçten etkilenen kişilere açıklanması gerekliliğini ortaya koyar. Bu çalışmada, otonom makinelerin üretim ve geliştirme aşamalarında dikkate alınması gereken etik ve ahlaki sorumlulukların neler olduğu, bu sorumluluklara neden ihtiyaç duyulduğu ve bu sorumlulukların karşılanması için sunulan mevcut yaklaşımlar değerlendirilmiştir.

Toward Industry 5.0: Ethical and Moral Responsibilities in Intelligent Autonomous Systems

By Industry 4.0, we have entered a period where machines communicate with each other. This period constitutes the first steps of the Industry 5.0 era, where machines will make autonomous decisions and these decisions will have significant effects on people's lives. High achievements obtained in many areas with Artificial Intelligence algorithms are the basis of these developments in the industry. The fact that intelligent systems, whose intelligibility decrease as their success and complexity increase, will be used in making important decisions that affect people has brought many doubts. These doubts are not only related to the end-user side but also social and economic transformations. The main obstacles to Industry 5.0 are social prejudices against the intelligent community that is planned to be developed. For this reason, it must be explained to the public about what kind of ethical and moral responsibilities intelligent and autonomous machines have. In this study, it was investigated in which situations artificial intelligence should have ethical and moral values and how it can learn these values. In addition, the possible social and technological implications of a trustworthy ethical basis for intelligent autonomous systems have been evaluated by compiling existing studies in the context of technology and sociology.

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Ethics Autonomous Machines, Industry,

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