FURKAN KURT, HURİYE ARIKAN, SÜMEYYE KARADOĞAN, HELİN KARAKUŞ, ESRA NUR KAĞITLI, RAŞİT KILIÇ

DİYABETİK RETİNOPATİ PATOGENEZİ VE TEDAVİSİ

Tüm dünyada önlenebilir ve / veya tedavi edilebilir en önemli körlük nedenlerinden biri olan diyabetik retinopati (DR), diabetin en önemli komplikasyonlarından biridir. Genel popülasyona göre körlük riski 25 kat daha fazladır. Diyabetik retinopati prevelansı tip 1 diyabetli hastalarda %77 iken, tip 2 diyabetik hastalarda ise % 25 civarındadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre dünya genelindeki tüm körlüklerin %4.8 den DR sorumludur. Diyabetik retinopati patogenezinin anlaşılmasına yönelik yapılan birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen, tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Ancak iyi bir kan şekeri regülasyonu ve HT, hiperlipidemi gibi diğer sistemik faktörlerin kontrolü hastalığın progresyonunu durdurmada çok önemlidir. Diyabetik retinopati tedavisindeki tüm ilerlemelere rağmen henüz retinopatiyi ortadan kaldıran ve sekelsiz iyileşmeyi sağlayan bir tedavi yöntemi yoktur. Yine de, güncel tedavi yöntemleri, yasal körlüğün önüne geçebilmekte ve kabul edilebilir sınırlarda bir görme düzeyi ile hastaların hayatlarını sürdürmelerine olanak sağlamaktadır. Günümüzdeki hastalıkların, özelikle oftalmolojide, tanı ve tedavi yöntemlerindeki hızlı ilerlemeler nedeniyle güncel bilgilerin derlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bundan dolayı bu derlemede diyabetik retinopati patogenezi ve güncel tedavi yöntemleri incelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

: Argon lazer fotokoagülasyon, diyabetik retinopati patogenezi, diyabetik retinopati tedavisi, neovaskülarizasyon, pars plana vitrektomi

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most important preventable and / or treatable causes of blindness worldwide, is one of the most important complications of diabetes. Compared to the general population, the risk of blindness is 25 times more. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is 77% in patients with type 1 diabetes and 25% in type 2 diabetes. According to the World Health Organization, DR is responsible for 4.8% of all blindness in the world. Although there have been many studies to understand the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, it has not been fully elucidated. However, good blood glucose regulation and control of other systemic factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia are very important in stopping the progression of the disease. Despite all the advances in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, there is no treatment yet that removes retinopathy and leads to sequel-free recovery. Nevertheless, current treatment modalities can prevent legal blindness and allow patients to continue their lives with a level of acceptable vision. It is important to compile up-to-date information, especially in ophthalmology, due to the current advances in the diagnosis and treatment methods of diseases. Therefore, the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and current treatment methods were reviewed in this review.

Keywords:

: argon laser photocoagulation, diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis, diabetic retinopathy treatment, neovascularization, pars plana vitrectomy,

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Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2017
Yayıncı: Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi

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