Volkan Mehmet ÇINAR, Aydın ÜNAY, Şerife BALCI

Pamukta (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Kantitatif Özelliklerin Kalıtımı ve Genetik İlerleme Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Bu çalışma, line x tester eşleşme deseni uyarınca oluşturulmuş melez populasyonlarında verim, verim komponentleri ve lif kalite özellikleri yönünden kalıtımın, genetik ilerleme ve korelasyonun saptanması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Tohum indeksi (0.789), çırçır randımanı (0.758), koza ağırlığı (0.644), ilk koza açma gün süresi (0.635) ve koza sayısı (0.617) için bulunan geniş anlamda kalıtım derecesinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Koza sayısı, koza ağırlığı, lif dayanıklılığı, meyve dalı sayısı, ilk çiçek açma gün süresi ve tohum indeksi ile kütlü pamuk verimi arasındaki genetik korelasyonların pozitif ve önemli olduğu saptanmıştır. Koza sayısı, koza ağırlığı ve meyve dalı sayısına ilişkin seleksiyon tepkisinin anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Koza sayısı ve meyve dalı sayısının hem kalıtım derecesinin hem de genetik ilerleme katsayısının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu iki özellik için yapılacak dolaylı seleksiyonun yüksek verimli pamuk ıslahında başarı ile kullanılabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.

A Study on Genetic Advance and Heritability for Quantitative Traits in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

The experiment was laid out to estimate heritability, genetic correlation and genetic advance for seed cotton yield, yield components and fiber quality in F1 populations by line x tester mating design. Seed index (0.789), ginning outturn (0.758), boll weight (0.644), days to first boll opening (0.635) and boll number (0.617) exhibited a high degree of broad-sense heritability. The significant and positive genotypic correlations with seed cotton yield recorded in boll number, boll weight, fiber strength, sympodial branch number, days to first flower and seed index. The correlated response was magnitude for boll number, boll weight and sympodial branch number. The boll number and sympodial branch number represented high heritability coupled with genetic advance. The indirect selection of the boll weight and the sympodial branch was more efficient for high yielding cotton breeding.

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