Slobodan OKLEVSKI, Om Prakash JASUCA, Gagandeep SINGH

Poroskopi'nin Kişisel Tanımlama Yöntemi Olarak Kullanımı: Sorunlar ve Zorluklar

Poroskopi"nin kişisel tanımlamada pratik uygulamasının Adli Senaryoda şüpheli bir yeri vardır, ilk kez Locard tarafından önerildiği zaman. Bu alandaki araştırmacıların ilgisi, gözeneklerin mikroskobik doğası ve optik mikroskopun kullanılması nedeniyle görülemedi. Biyometrinin ve görüntü işleme araçlarının ortaya çıkmasıyla, bir kişi bilgisayar ekranında mikroskobik gözenekleri zorlanmadan analiz edebilir. Biyometri açısından faydasına dair yapılan çalışmalar kabul edilmiş olsa da, gizli parmak izlerinin analiziyle karşılaşıldığında poroskopinin önemi hala kurulmamıştır. Mevcut çalışmada, poroskopi gizli parmak izleri açısından çeşitli yönlerden incelenmiştir. Mürekkepli baskıların alınma süresi ile ikinci seviye özelliklerin ve ilk falanksın farklı bölgelerindeki gözeneklerin sayısındaki tutarlılık arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırdık. Sonra gizli parmak izlerini, karşılık gelen pozisyonlardaki gözeneklerin görünürlüğüne ilişkin sonuçlara bakmak için çeşitli tekniklerle elde edilen ve geliştirilen ateşlenmemiş fişek kılıfları da dahil olmak üzere farklı yüzeylerde araştırdık. Gözeneklerin görünürlüğü, baskıları alma zaman aralığına göre parmak izlerinin merkezi bölgesinde daha iyiydi. Farklı yüzeylerde geliştirilen parmak izlerindeki gözeneklerin görünürlüğü, yüzey tipi ve parmak izini geliştirmek için kullanılan yöntem nedeniyle oldukça farklıydı. Faulds tarafından bildirildiği gibi günün çeşitli aralıklarında gözeneklerin açıklığı veya kapalılığında bir değişiklik yoktu. Poroskopi kişisel tanımlamada dikkate alınabilir, ancak gizli parmak izlerinden tanımlama durumunda kalıcılıkları ve yeniden üretilebilirlikleri kurmak için daha fazla çalışma gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Adli Bilim, II. Seviye Karakteristikler, Poroskopi, Gözenekler

Poroscopy as a Method for Personal Identificatıon: Issues and Challenges

Practical application of “Poroscopy” in personal identification has a dubious placein Forensic Scenario since the time it was proposed for the first time by Locard. The interest of researchers in this field could not be seen becuase of microscopic nature of the pores and use of opticle microscope. With the emergence of biometrics and image processing tools, one can analyse microscopic pores on computer screen without strain. Though studies with respect to its utility in biometrics have been accepted, the importance of poroscopy is still to be established when analysis of latent finger marks are encountered. In present work, poroscopy has been studied from its various aspects with respect to latent finger marks. We research relationship between time distance of taking ink prints and the consistency of the number of second level characteristics and pores in different zones of the first phalangs of the inked fingerprints. Then we research latent finger marks on different surfaces including unfired cartridge cases obtained and developed with various techniques to look into the results with respect to visibility of pores in corresponding positions. Pores visibility was found to be better in central zone of the fingerprints with respect of the time interval of taking prints. The visiblity of pores in developed finger marks on different surfaces differed considerably due to type of surface and method used to develop the finger mark. There was no change in pores with respect to their openness or closeness at various intervals of the day as reported by Faulds. Though poroscopy can be considered in personal identification but its use in case of identification from latent finger marks requires further studies to establish their permanency and reproducibility.

Keywords:

Forensic science, II level characteristics, Poroscopy, pores,

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