Seher PALANBEK YAVAŞ, Caner BAYSAN, Ayşe Emel ÖNAL

SON YÜZYILDA MEYDANA GELEN AFETLER VE YERİNDEN EDİLEN KİŞİLERİN ANALİZİ

Abstract: Purpose: Natural Disasters are complex events which expose people to various risks and dangers. Methods: The data for our research, which was designed to be a descriptive one, was obtained from Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) and Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) database. Target population of our study consists of 287.913.123 people who were displaced in consequence of 15.406 natural disasters which occurred in the world between the years of 1920 (January) - 2020 (August) and natural disasters which occurred between the years 2008 (January) - 2019 (December). Results: It was determined that in the 5 continents examined (Africa, America, Asia, Europe, Oceania), there has been a rapid growth in hydrological and meteorological disasters after the year 1980. On the other hand, with regards to displacements due to disasters, flood and storm related disasters were determined to cause displacement more than others. Conclusion: Ultimately, the natural disasters related to the climate change have increased over the years and caused displacement, death, and financial damage.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğal Afetler, Yerinden Edilen Kişiler, Klimatolojik Afetler

Analysis of the Natural Disasters in the Last Century and the People Who Were Consequently Displaced

Amaç: Doğal afetler, insanların çok sayıda risk ve tehlikeye maruz kaldığı karmaşık olaylardır. Gereç ve yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanmış araştırmamızın verileri EM-DAT (Emergency Events Database) ve IDMC (Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre) veri tabanından alınmıştır. Çalışmamızın evrenini, EM-DAT veri tabanında yer alan 1920 (Ocak)-2020 (Ağustos) yılları arasında dünyada meydana gelen 15.406 farklı doğal afetler ve 2008 (Ocak)-2019 (Aralık) yılları arasında doğal afetlerden kaynaklı 287.913.123 yerinden edilen kişiler oluşturmaktadır. Bulgular: İncelenen 5 kıtada 1980 sonrasında (Afrika, Amerika, Asya, Avrupa, Okyanusya) hidrolojik ve meteorolojik afetlerde hızlı bir artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Afetlerden kaynaklı yerinden edilmeler afet alt grupları şeklinde incelendiğinde ise; sel ve fırtınadan kaynaklı afetlerin diğerlerine göre daha fazla yerinden edilmeye neden olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak yıllar içerisinde iklim değişikliği ile ilgili afetler artarak yerinden edilme, ölüm ve maddi hasara sebep olmuştur.

Keywords:

Natural Disasters, Displacement People, Climatological Disasters,

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