Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı Tedavisinin Türkiye’de SF-36 Kullanılarak Değerlendirilen Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi: Sistematik İnceleme

Amaç: Kronik böbrek hastalarının yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmesi hem araştırma hem de klinik uygulamada giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Yaşam kalitesi ölçümünde en sık kullanılan araçlardan biri 36 maddelik Kısa Form Yaşam Kalitesi’dir (SF-36). Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan yetişkin hastalar üzerinde yapılan ve Türkiye’de SF-36’yı kullanarak yaşam kalitesini ölçen araştırmaların sistematik bir analizini yapmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Literatürde yaşam kalitesi üzerine yapılan araştırmalar veri kaynakları kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında belirlenen kriterleri karşılamayan çalışmalar elenmiş, 2013-2019 yılları arasında yapılmış ve toplamda 3028 hasta örneklemine sahip 28 çalışmaya ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular: Örneklemin ortalama yaşı 53,06(±5,62); hemodiyaliz tedavisi aldıkları ortalama süre 4,97 yıl ve kadın hastaların ortalaması %44.64’dür. Araştırmalar daha çok Marmara Bölgesi’nde uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaların %40’ı anksiyete ve depresyonun, %11’i ise öz bakım ve baş etme becerilerinin yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. SF-36 ortalamaları incelendiğinde, en düşük ortalamanın “Fiziksel Rol” ve “Genel Sağlık” alt boyutları olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca hastaların fiziksel yaşam kalitesi boyutu, zihinsel yaşam kalitesi boyutundan daha az bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Genel olarak bulgular değerlendirildiğinde kronik böbrek hastalarında yaşam kalitesinin önemli ölçüde azaldığı görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın bulgularına genel bir bakış getirilmiştir. Bu nedenle araştırmacılara kronik böbrek hastalığı yönetimi konusunda rehberlik edeceği düşünülmektedir.

The Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease Treatment on The Quality of Life Assessed by Using SF-36 in Turkey: A Systematic Review

Objective: Quality of life assessment of chronic kidney patients is becoming increasingly common in both research and clinical practice. One of the most commonly used tools for quality of life measurement is the SF-36. The aim of the study is to make a systematic analysis of researches on adult patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and measures the quality of life using the SF-36 in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Researches in the literature on quality of life were determined by using data sources. The studies that did not meet the criteria determined within the scope of the study were eliminated and in total 28 studies conducted between 2013-2019 including 3028 patient samples were reached. Results: The mean age of the samples was 53.06(±5.62) years; the mean duration of hemodialysis treatment was 4.97 years and the mean of female patients was 44.64%. Researches were mostly applied in Marmara Region. 40% of the studies examined the effects of anxiety and depression and 11% of the studies examined the effects of self-care and coping skills on quality of life. When the means of the SF-36 were examined, it was found that the lowest subdimension averages were “Role Physical” and “General Health”. In addition, the patients’ physical quality of life was found to be less than the mental dimension. Conclusion: In general, when the findings are evaluated, it is seen that chronic kidney patients have a greatly decreased quality of life. With this research findings, a general view has been put forward. Thus, it is thought that it will guide researchers about chronic kidney disease management.

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