Tedarik Zincirinde Kaos: Bir Literatür Taraması

Tedarik zinciri ,ürün veya hizmetin tedarikçiden başlayıp son müşteriye ulaşana kadar ki süreçte birçok varlık ve etmen arasındaki etkileşimlerin bütününden oluşan dinamik bir sistemdir. Zamanla artan müşteri sayıları ve bağlantılarıyla değişen ilişkiler bu dinamik sistemi daha karmaşık hale getirmektedir. Giderek büyüyen bu sistem karmaşıklığı öngürülemez sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu karmaşıklığın nedeni olarak gözlenebilen ya da gözlenemeyen birçok faktör gösterilebilir. Rekabet ortamının arttığı global dünyada firmalar bu karmaşıklığı çözmenin en iyi yolu olarak tedarik zincirinin her halkasının kusursuz işlemesi olarak görmektedir. Halkanın içerisinde etkisi yok denecek kadar küçük olduğu düşünülüp göz ardı edilen bir kısım faktörlerin etkilerinin büyük olduğu, yapılan analizlerle ortaya konmuştur. Zincirin herhangi bir yerindeki küçük bir aksaklık ise tedarik zincirinde önlenemez bir kaosa yol açabilmektedir. Öngörülemezlik nedeniyle başlangıç koşullarında yapılan ufak bir değişiklik veya bir hata tedarik zinciri sistemi yönetiminin sonuçlarında beklenmedik büyük dalgalanmalara ve güçlüklere sebep olacaktır. Literatürde yapılan bazı çalışmalara göre tedarik zinciri sistemi, kaos kuramının temeli olan kelebek etkisine en iyi örneklerden biridir. Tedarik zinciri yönetimi konusunda sistemdeki kaotik durumların ortaya konması, bundan kaçınmak için yapılabilecek çalışmalar ve kaos kontrolü gibi tedarik zinciri sistemi içerisinde kaos kuramının varlığı ile ilgili ULAKBİM tarafından taranan makaleler, bildiriler ve PROQUEST veri tabanında yayınlanan doktora seviyesindeki tezleri araştırmak ve bu ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırmacılara kolaylık sağlamak amacıyla bu çalışma "tedarik zincirinde kaos kuramının bir literatür taraması" olarak derlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda kaos kuramının karar verme rolü, tedarik zincirinin kaotik niteliklerinin irdelenmesi, matematiksel model oluşturma ile kaotik yapısının incelenmesi, kaos kontrol ve senkronizasyon konuları üzerinde durulduğu görülmüştür.

Chaos on Supply Chain: A Literature Review

The supply chain is a dynamic system of interactions between many assets and factors in the process from the supplier to the end customer until the product or service reaches the end customer. The increasing number of customers and their changing relationships with time make this dynamic system more complex. The complexity of this growing system leads to unpredictable problems. Many factors that can be observed or not observed as the cause of this complexity can be shown. In the global world where the competitive environment is increasing, companies see this as the best way to solve this complexity as the perfect functioning of every link in the supply chain. The effects of a number of factors that are ignored and thought to be small enough to have no effect in the supply chain have been demonstrated by analysis. A small hitch in any part of the chain can lead to an inevitable chaos in the supply chain. A slight change or an error in initial conditions due to unpredictability will cause unexpected large fluctuations and difficulties in the results of supply chain management. According to some studies in the literature, thesupply chain system is one of the best examples of the butterfly effect, which is the basis of chaos theory. This study aims to investigate the articles, papers and theses related to the existence of chaos in the supply chain system such as chaotic control in the supply chain management system, the studies that can be done to avoid the chaotic situation in the system, and to provide the convenience of investigators who study this relationship. In the studies, it was seen that the role of decision making in chaos theory, examining the chaotic characteristics of the supply chain, analyzing the chaotic structure with mathematical modeling, chaos control and synchronization.

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