Farklı sulama yöntemlerinin hibrit mısırda (Zea mays L. indentata S.) Dane verimi ve verim unsurları üzerine etkileri

Araştırma, 2005 ve 2006 yıllarında Konya Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme alanlarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada damla ve karık sulama yöntemleri, farklı olgunlaşma grubundan DK-585, OSSK-602 ve P-31G98 üç mısır çeşidi, farklı bitki sıklıkları 70x24 cm (5952 bitki/da), 70x20 cm (7142 bitki/da), 70x18 cm (7936 bitki/da) ve 70x16 cm (8928 bitki/da) ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, damla sulama yönteminde dane verimi karık sulama yöntemine göre önemli ölçüde yüksek gerçekleşmiştir. Verim artışı birinci deneme yılında % 8 iken, ikinci deneme yılında % 9 şeklinde hesaplanmıştır. Her iki deneme yılında karık sulama konusunda damla sulama konusuna göre % 14 civarında daha fazla sulama suyu uygulanmıştır. Bitki boyu, bin dane ağırlığı ve protein oranı sulama yöntemlerinden istatistiki olarak önemli düzeyde etkilenmiştir. Koçan uzunluğu, koçan çapı, ilk koçan yüksekliği, koçanda dane sayısı, dane koçan oranı, hasatta dane nemi ve hektolitre değerlerinin ise sulama yöntemlerinden istatistiki olarak etkilenmediği belirlenmiştir.

Effects of different ırrigation methods on grain yield and yield components of hybrid maize (Zea mays L. indentata S.)

This study was conducted at Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institutes research fields in between 2005 and 2006 years in Konya Province. It was used that split split plots in randomized complete blocks experimental design with three replications. In the research, the different irrigation systems (drip and furrow irrigation), three maize varieties from different maturation stage (DK-585, OSSK-602 and P-31G98), the different plant densities 70x24 cm (59520 plants/ha), 70x20 cm (71420 plants/ha), 70x18 cm (79360 plants/ha), 70x16 cm (89280 plants/ha) were randomizedly applied to main plots, sub plots and sub sub plots, respectively. According to the research results, the grain yields were significantly increased by the drip irrigation when compared to the furrow irrigation method. Grain yield was estimated as 8% and 9% for the first and second year, respectively. In both years, the amount of applied irrigation water to treatments of furrow irrigation method was 14% higher than the ones of the drip irrigation method. Irrigation methods affected the plant height, 1000 seed weight and the protein ratio significantly. However, the cob height, the con diameter, the initial cob height, the cob grain number, the ratio of grain to cob, the grain moisture and hectoliter values were not affected by the type of irrigation method significantly.

PDF

___

Alam, M. and D.H., Rogers. 2001. Scheduling Irrigations by Electrical ResistanceBlocks. Kansas State University CooperativeExtension, IrrigationManagement Series. Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/1901.pdf. (05.03.2007).
Anonim 2004. Hasad Aylık Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Dergisi, Yayın No: 231 S:28, İstanbul.
Gençel, B., Yazar, A. and Bozkurt, Y. 2006. Effects of Drip Irrigation Programs onSecond Crop Maize Yield in Harran Plain. Water and Land Management ForSustainable Irrigated Agriculture. April 4-8 Cukurova University Adana,Turkey.
Harris, G. 2005. Sub-surface Drip Irrigation Advantages and Limitations. The State of Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Note: 17650.
Hook, E.J., and Kincheloe, S. 1991. Irrigation Scheduling For Corn-Why and HowUniversity of Florida and C.D. Yonts, University of Nebreska.
Humphreys, L., Fawcett, B., ONeill, Chris. and Muirhead, W. 2005. IREC FarmersNewsletter No : 170.
Ibragimov, N., Evet, S., Esanbekov, Y., Kamilov, B. and Heng, L. 2003. Cotton andWinter Wheat Irrigation Scheduling Improvements in Uzbekistan. UzbekistanCotton Growing Research Institute p: 26-33.
Kamilov, B., Evet, S. and Lee, H. 2002. Irrigation Scheduling Study of Drip IrrigatedCotton by Use of Soil Moisture Neutron Probe. 24-25 December UNCGRI,Tashkent, Uzbekistan Proceedings of The National Workshop.
Kanber, R., Eylen, M. ve Tok, A.1986. Water Consumption and Yield of StrawberryIrrigated by Furrow and Trickle Methods Under Çukurova Conditions. Soil andWater Research Institute, General Publications No : 135, Report Series : 77 P : 7-35, Tarsus.
Kanber, R. 1997. Sulama. Ç.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Genel Yayın No:174, Adana.
Lamn, R.F. and Trooien, P.T. 2003. Subsurface Drip Irrigation for Corn Production :A Review of 10 years of research in Kansas. Irrig.Sci. 22:195-200.
Nazirbay, I., Evet, S., Esanbekov, Y., Kamilov, B., Mirzaev, L. and Lamers, P.A. 2007.Water Use Efficiency of Irrigated Cotton in Uzbekistan under Drip and FurrowIrrigation. Agricultural Water Management 90 (2007) 112-120.
Ogola, J.B., Wheeler, T.R., and Haris, P.M. 2002. Effects of Nitrogen and Irrigation on Water Use of Maize Crops. Field Crops Research 78 (105-117).
Ramirez, O.J., Trejo, M.A.J., Sanchez, B.R.S., Hernandez, F.M., Nuncio, A.A.R. and Cerda, R.E. 2006. Agronomic Characteristic and Forage Quality Corn with Subsurface Drip Irrigation. Tec Pecu Mex 44 (3):351-357.
Singandhupe, B.R., Rao, G.G.S.N., Patil, N.G. and Brahmanand, P.S. 2003. Fertigation Studies and Irrigation Scheduling in Drip Irrigation System in Tomato Crop (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). European Journal of Agronomy 19 (2003) 327-340.
Şimşek, M., Gerçek, S. ve Öktem, A. 2003. Farklı Sulama Yöntemlerinin Mısır Bitkisinde Verim ve Su Tüketimine Etkisi. GAP III. Tarım Kongresi, Bildiri No: S: 29, 2-3 Ekim 2003, Şanlıurfa.
Trejo, J.A.M., Monsivais, G.O.A., Ramirez, O.J., Gozzalez, Z.A., Cerda, R.E., Hernandez, F.M., Sosa, S.E. and Nuncio, A.R. 2006. Effect of Three Driptape Installation Depths on Water Use Efficiency and Yield Paarameters in Forage Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivation. Tec Pecu Mex 44 (3): 359-364.