PARAMETRİK VE PARAMETRİK OLMAYAN VERİMLİLİK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ VE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI: TÜRKİYE ELEKTRİK SANTRALLERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Çalışma boyunca Türkiye’deki çeşitli enerji santrallerinin operasyonel ve uzun vadeli yatırım performansları Stokastik Sınır Analiz (SSA) ve Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. Veri kümesi, özel ve kamu mülkiyetindeki 65 termal, hidroelektrik ve rüzgâr enerji santrallerinden oluşturuldu. Operasyonel ve yatırım performansını yansıtan verimlilik endeksleri ortaya konup incelendi. Analizde ölçek, sabit ve değişken, güvence bölgesi, gevşek tabanlı ölçüm, sistem karşılaştırma ve bilateral tip DEA modelleri ile Cobb-Douglas ve Translog üretim fonksiyonlarını kullanan stokastik sınır analizi kullanıldı. Ölçek getirisinin analizine yönelik VZA ve SSA modellerinin ortaya koyduğu tüm indisler kullanılarak değerlendirmeler yapıldı. Kamu-özel, termal-yenilenebilir karşılaştırmalarının yanı sıra doğal gaz-kömür-petrol santralleri verimlilik performans değerlerine göre karşılaştırıldı. VZA ve SSA metotlarından elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı. İlginç verimlilik endeksi ve çeşitli giriş/çıkış faktörleri arasında ilişkiler ortaya kondu ve değerlendirildi. Doğal gazla çalışan elektrik santralleri, yatırım verimliliği açısından kömürle çalışan santrallerden daha iyi performans gösterse de, değişken getiri oranlarına göre operasyonel performansı için tersi geçerlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Verimlilik, Stokastik Sınır Analizi, Veri Zarflama Analizi, Enerji Sistem Planlama

Parametric vs. Non-Parametric Efficiency Assessment: Case of Power Plants in Turkey

Throughout the study, the operational and long term investment performances of various power plants in Turkey are assessed and compared using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The data set is composed of 65 thermal, hydro and wind power plants with private and public ownership. Efficiency indices, reflecting operational and investment performance, are described and elaborated. Returns to scale, (constant and variable), assurance region, slack based measure, system comparison and bilateral type DEA models as well as stochastic frontier analysis employing the Cobb-Douglas and Translog production functions are used in the analysis. An analysis of returns to scale is carried out. The properties of the production frontiers are described for all efficiency indices. Public-private sector plants, renewable-thermal plants as well as natural gas-coal versus oil fired plants are compared according to their efficiency performance values. Efficiency scores obtained from DEA and SFA are compared and some relationships are identified. Interesting relationship are identified by elaborating the efficiency indices and various input/output factors. Even though natural gas fired power plants outperforms the coal fired ones in terms of investment efficiency, in general, reverse is true for operational performance under variable returns to scale.

Keywords:

Efficiency, Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis, Energy Systems Planning,

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